Working Paper
Recent Submissions
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Money Creation in a Neoclassical Economy: Equilibrium Multiplicity and the Liquidity Trap
(2024)KOF Working PapersWe introduce banks that issue liquid deposits backed by bonds and capital into an otherwise standard cash-in-advance economy. Liquidity transformation by banks increases aggregate consumption and investment relative to a cash-only economy but can also lead to inefficient overinvestment. Furthermore, liquidity transformation can lead to multiple steady-state equilibria with different interest rates and real outcomes. Whenever multiple ...Working Paper -
Targeted Transformations for Macroeconomic Forecasting
(2024)KOF Working PapersThe crisis periods of the past decades have highlighted the difficulty of forecasting economic indicators due to increased non-linearity and rapidly changing dynamics. To address this challenge, we introduce the Transform-Sparsify-Forecast (TSF) framework. The TSF framework first applies multiple transformations to each predictor to account for non-linear effects. It then dynamically applies a dimension reduction (targeting) to select ...Working Paper -
The Labor Market Outcomes of Formal Vocational Education and Training: A Meta- Analysis
(2024)CES Working Paper SeriesThis meta-analysis empirically synthesizes the impact of formal Vocational Education and Training (VET) on labor market outcomes using studies published between 1990 and 2022, employing a causal counterfactual evaluation design. To summarize effect sizes across studies, we employ the standardized mean difference Hedges' g for all outcomes, and employment probability and earnings/wages for a subset of studies. We use Robust Variance ...Working Paper -
On the interpretation of quantum theory as games between physicists and nature played in Minkowski spacetime
(2024)arXivIn 2019, we introduced games in Minkowski spacetime as a generalization of game theory to special relativity that subsumes games in normal form (spacelike separation) and games in extensive form (timelike separation). Many concepts including Nash equilibria naturally extend to spacetime games. We also emphasized the importance of these games to model quantum experiments such as Bell experiments and more generally any adaptive measurements. ...Working Paper -
The Role of Vitamin D in Emiliania huxleyi: A Microalgal Perspective on UV-B Exposure
(2023)bioRxivAn essential interaction between sunlight and eukaryotes involves the production of vitamin D through exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. While extensively studied in vertebrates, the role of vitamin D in non-animal eukaryotes like microalgae remains unclear. To investigate the potential involvement of vitamin D in the response of microalgae to UV, we focus on Emiliania huxleyi, a microalga found in shallow ocean depths that are exposed ...Working Paper -
On the Kauffman bracket skein module of (S^1×S^2) # (S^1×S^2)
(2024)arXivDetermining the structure of the Kauffman bracket skein module of all $3$-manifolds over the ring of Laurent polynomials $\mathbb Z[A^{\pm 1}]$ is a big open problem in skein theory. Very little is known about the skein module of non-prime manifolds over this ring. In this paper, we compute the Kauffman bracket skein module of the $3$-manifold $(S^1 \times S^2) \ \# \ (S^1 \times S^2)$ over the ring $\mathbb Z[A^{\pm 1}]$. We do this by ...Working Paper -
Capacitance Size of Active Power Filter: Buck-Type vs. Split DC Link
(2024)In this working paper the size of the required capacitance of an active power decoupling / active power filter for a single phase rectifier is evaluated based on power flow considerations.Working Paper -
Bike network planning in limited urban space
(2024)arXivThe lack of cycling infrastructure in urban environments hinders the adoption of cycling as a viable mode for commuting, despite the evident benefits of (e-)bikes as sustainable, efficient, and health-promoting transportation modes. Bike network planning is a tedious process, relying on heuristic computational methods that frequently overlook the broader implications of introducing new cycling infrastructure, in particular the necessity ...Working Paper -
Success factors of growth-stage digital health companies: protocol for a systematic literature review
(2024)medRxivBackground The healthcare industry is undergoing rapid transformation and progress, fueled by technological advances and the growing need for accessible, affordable, and high-quality healthcare services. While there has been significant progress in digitizing healthcare, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is still considerable untapped potential for digital therapeutics (DTx). According to a report by Bloomberg, the digital ...Working Paper -
Dynamic electric breakdown modeling of quasi-uniform, dielectric-bounded gas gaps
(2024)The motivating problem for this paper is the determination of the probability of breakdown of small (< mm) quasi-uniform, dielectric-bounded air gaps under short transient voltages (some ns to us). Guidelines for answering this question are of importance in many areas of applied plasma physics, ranging from new spark ignition concepts with ultrashort high-voltage pulses (consistent high breakdown voltage desired) to the avoidance of the ...Working Paper -
X-BASE: the first terrestrial carbon and water flux products from an extended data-driven scaling framework, FLUXCOM-X
(2024)EGUsphereMapping in-situ eddy covariance measurements of terrestrial land-atmosphere fluxes to the globe is a key method for diagnosing the Earth system from a data-driven perspective. We describe the first global products (called X-BASE) from a newly implemented up-scaling framework, FLUXCOM-X. The X-BASE products comprise of estimates of CO2 net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary productivity (GPP) as well as evapotranspiration (ET) and, ...Working Paper -
Collaboration and Innovation Patterns in Diabetes Ecosystems
(2024)medRxivBackground: The global prevalence of diabetes is increasing and has stimulated new technological advancements in disease management. Although there are many digital health companies with a focus on diabetes, building them up at scale is difficult due to a heterogeneous, inefficient, and fragmented healthcare system. While ecosystems, or collaborative value creation, could help address system fragmentation; the current diabetes ecosystem ...Working Paper -
Digital Health Technologies for Metabolic Disorders in Older Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol
(2024)medRxivIntroduction: Metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and metabolic syndrome) are leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide and disproportionately affect older adults relative to those younger. Digital health technologies (DHTs), such as patient monitoring, digital diagnostics, and digital therapeutics, emerge as promising ...Working Paper -
Wearables and smartphones for modifiable risk factors in metabolic health: a scoping review protocol
(2024)medRxivBackground: Metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, contribute significantly to global mortality and disability. Wearable devices and smartphones increasingly track physiological and lifestyle risk factors and can improve the management of metabolic diseases. However, the absence of clear guidelines for deriving meaningful signals from these devices often hampers cross-study comparisons. Objective: Thus, this ...Working Paper -
The Unintended Consequences of Pandemic Lockdowns: Evidence on Domestic Violence in Italy
(2024)Center for Law & Economics Working Paper SeriesThis study examines the effects of Italy’s COVID-19 tiered lockdown system on domestic violence. The policy implemented categorizes regions into different weekly risk levels, imposing corresponding mobility restrictions—the higher the risk, the greater the constraints on mobility outside the home. Leveraging this setting, we employ a difference-in-differences approach with staggered treatment adoption and heterogeneous treatment effects ...Working Paper -
The second coefficient of the Alexander polynomial as a satellite obstruction
(2024)arXivA set P of links is introduced, containing positive braid links as well as arborescent positive Hopf plumbings. Inspired by work of Ito, it is shown that for links in P, the leading and the second coefficient of the Alexander polynomial have opposite sign. It follows that certain satellite links, such as (n,1)-cables, are not in P.Working Paper -
A new concordance homomorphism from Khovanov homology
(2024)arXivThe universal Khovanov chain complex of a knot modulo an appropriate equivalence relation is shown to yield a homomorphism on the smooth concordance group, which is strictly stronger than all Rasmussen invariants over fields of different characteristics combined.Working Paper -
The impact of decreasing horizontal grid spacing on the simulation of the mountain boundary layer in the hectometric range
(2024)arXivThe horizontal grid spacing of numerical weather prediction models keeps decreasing towards the hectometric range. We perform limited-area simulations with the ICON model across horizontal grid spacings (1 km, 500 m, 250 m, 125 m) in the Inn Valley, Austria, and evaluate the model with observations from the CROSSINN measurement campaign. This allows us to investigate whether increasing the horizontal resolution automatically improves the ...Working Paper -
On-chip quantum interference between independent lithium niobate-on-insulator photon-pair sources
(2024)arXivGenerating and interfering non-classical states of light is fundamental to optical quantum in formation science and technology. Quantum photonic integrated circuits provide one pathway to wards scalability by combining nonlinear sources of non-classical light and programmable circuits in centimeter-scale devices. The key requirements for quantum applications include efficient genera tion of indistinguishable photon-pairs and high-visibility ...Working Paper -
Text-image Alignment for Diffusion-based Perception
(2023)arXivDiffusion models are generative models with impressive text-to-image synthesis capabilities and have spurred a new wave of creative methods for classical machine learning tasks. However, the best way to harness the perceptual knowledge of these generative models for visual tasks is still an open question. Specifically, it is unclear how to use the prompting interface when applying diffusion backbones to vision tasks. We find that automatically ...Working Paper