Journal: IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications

Abbreviation

IEEE trans. ind. appl.

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IEEE

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ISSN

0093-9994
1939-9367

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Publications 1 - 10 of 29
  • Beyond 50 MHz Bandwidth Extension of Commercial DC-Current Measurement Sensors With Ultra-Compact PCB-Integrated Pickup Coils
    Item type: Journal Article
    Niklaus, Pascal; Bortis, Dominik; Kolar, Johann W. (2022)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    The control of very high switching frequency power electronic converter systems featuring latest generation wide bandgap devices requires current measurements with a very high bandwidth (BW) to achieve high closed-loop control dynamics. One example is an ultrahigh BW 4.8 MHz parallel-interleaved multilevel GaN inverter ac power source with a target large-signal output BW of 100 kHz. This work investigates the combination of commercially available low-frequency (LF) Hall-effect current sensors (BW approximate to 1 MHz) with suitable high-frequency (HF) sensors to extend the BW above 10 MHz, i.e., enough to measure the HF inductor current. Based on a conventional PCB-integrated Rogowski coil, for the HF sensor, three improved pickup coil (PUC) geometries based on proposals in the literature are investigated. The LF and HF sensor signals are combined with a precision fully differential combiner circuit. Design guidelines for the HF sensors as well as the combiner circuit are presented and thereby the influence of mismatches and tolerances is examined. The performance of the proposed HF sensors is experimentally verified and compared with previous solutions based on galvanically isolated inductor voltage sensing and a current transformer. The PUCs reach a BW > 50 MHz, which is an improvement by more than a factor of 50 compared to the fastest available Hall sensor. Furthermore, it is proven that all investigated sensors are capable to accurately measure the triangular inductor current ripple in a hardware prototype of the aforementioned ac power source. In a final step, the influence of common-mode (CM) disturbances originating from fast dv/dt switching transients on the sensor performance is analyzed. The presented current sensors achieve a CM rejection ratio of almost 100 dB.
  • Evaluation of One- and Two-Pole-Pair Slotless Bearingless Motors with Toroidal Windings
    Item type: Journal Article
    Steinert, Daniel; Nussbaumer, Thomas; Kolar, Johann W. (2016)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
  • The Input Impedance of Common-Mode and Differential-Mode Noise Separators
    Item type: Journal Article
    Kostov, Konstantin S.; Schroth, Sebastian; Krismer, Florian; et al. (2015)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
  • Exploring the Physical Limits of Axial Magnetic Bearings Featuring Extremely Large Vertical Levitation Distances
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bonetti, Reto; Bortis, Dominik; Beglinger, Lars; et al. (2021)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    This work provides an analytical method, based on the Amperian model of permanent magnets (PM), for a fast calculation of the magnetic flux density in three-dimensional space applying Biot-Savart law, and the calculation of the forces using Lorentz's law. The applied approach enables the characterization regarding forces, torques, and stiffnesses of the levitating PM for any arbitrary position in space. Furthermore, it permits the extension of the investigation to any shape and configuration of ironless magnetic bearings (MB). In order to demonstrate the simple use of the analytical model, in this article, the dimensions of an ironless axial MB employing PMs are optimized with a multiobjective Pareto analysis, which reveals the physical limits concerning maximum achievable levitation height with respect to given constraints on, e.g., the required force and tilting stiffnesses, and the MB robustness defined by the maximum allowable payload on the levitating magnet. Moreover, the optimized axial MB and a corresponding test bench are realized to validate the proposed model with experimental results. For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that in a later stage, the optimized MB can also be scaled with simple scaling laws if the demanded specifications, e.g., concerning desired maximum levitation height or payload capability, would have changed.
  • Impact of Smart Charging and Vehicle-to-Grid Technologies on Flexibility and Grid Expansion Requirements in German Distribution Networks
    Item type: Journal Article
    Heider, Anya; Moors, Florian; Hug, Gabriela (2025)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    This paper investigates the potential of smart charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) to reduce the stress on German distribution grids. Specifically, two optimised charging strategies with respectively two levels of electric vehicle (EV) flexibility and reference charging are evaluated with respect to their potential to reduce the necessary curtailment and grid reinforcement and their flexibility potentials in terms of energy shifting. The levels of flexibility differ in three aspects. First, which charging use cases are assumed to be flexible. Second, if charging is only allowed within the originally scheduled charging session or between different parking events. And last, whether or not the V2G service is available. The reference strategy simulates uncoordinated charging. All optimised charging strategies successfully reduce the necessary curtailment by shifting the charging demand to times of high feed-in and lower component loading. Especially the curtailment of the load is significantly reduced by optimised charging, whereas the impact on the curtailment of feed-in is limited. The grid expansion costs are reduced by optimised charging, and peaks can be lowered. However, the additional gain from shifting between parking events and V2G is significantly smaller than the benefit from shifting within the originally scheduled charging session compared to reference charging. The available flexible energy, on the other hand, significantly increases with shifting between parking events and V2G. The added value of the different levels of EV flexibility therefore highly depends on the use case.
  • On the Integration of Electric Vehicles Into German Distribution Grids Through Smart Charging
    Item type: Journal Article
    Heider, Anya; Helfenbein, Kilian; Schachler, Birgit; et al. (2025)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    Efforts to decarbonise the transport sector lead to an increasing share of electric vehicles (EVs), which can significantly stress future distribution grids. The level of stress thereby not only depends on the number of integrated EVs but also the existing topology of the grid and present shares of supply and demand units. We therefore examine the influence of different charging strategies on distinct distribution grid types, namely PV-, wind- and load-dominated grids, and compare the effects on curtailment needs and reinforcement costs. With the help of a quadratic problem formulation, including linearised AC power flow constraints, we deduce optimised charging profiles to minimise the additional stress on the grids. We compare the results to rule-based charging strategies to extract suggestions for the effective integration of EVs. Our analysis shows that the potential of the examined charging strategies to decrease curtailment necessary to solve arising grid issues is limited. However, the additional grid expansion costs caused by EV integration, which mainly occur in the low voltage, can be reduced significantly compared to reference charging, where EV charging is mostly uncontrolled. The optimised charging strategy reduces the total reinforcement costs by 59 %, a reduced charging by 57 % and a residual load based charging by 5 % compared to the reference charging over all investigated grids. Our results also show that the charging strategies prove to be differently useful in the different types of grids. This stresses the importance of considering various grid topologies when investigating the influence of smart charging on distribution grids.
  • Design and control of high performance modular hybrid asymmetrical cascade multilevel inverters
    Item type: Journal Article
    Mariéthoz, Sébastien (2014)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
  • EIS2MOD: A DRT-Based Modeling Framework for Li-Ion Cells
    Item type: Journal Article
    Iurilli, Pietro; Brivio, Claudio; Carrillo, Rafael Eduardo; et al. (2022)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    The correct assessment of battery states is essential to maximize battery pack performances while ensuring reliable and safe operation. This work introduces EIS2MOD, a novel modelling framework for Li-ion cells based on Distribution of Relaxation Time (DRT). A physically based Electric Circuit Model (ECM) is developed starting from Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) measurements. DRT is applied to deconvolve the electrochemical phenomena from the EIS. The presented methodology is based on: i) DRT calculation from EIS, ii) DRT analysis for ECM configuration and iii) Model parameters extraction and fitting. The proposed framework is applied to large format Li-ion pouch cells, which are tested over the whole State of Charge (SoC) range and a wide temperature range (-10C to 35C). Different current profiles have been tested to validate the model, showing its high accuracy in reproducing the battery cell behavior (e.g. RMSE on the battery terminals voltage lower than 1.50% for driving cycle simulations at variable temperature and SoC). An additional advantage of EIS2MOD is its light computational load thus offering an attractive framework for battery management system implementation.
  • Advanced Cooling Methods for High-Speed Electrical Machines
    Item type: Journal Article
    Tüysüz, Arda; Meyer, Francesca; Steichen, Mathis; et al. (2017)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
  • Using Transformer Parasitics for Resonant Converters
    Item type: Journal Article
    Biela, Jürgen; Kolar, Johann W. (2008)
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    Parasitic capacitances of conventional transformers can be used as resonant elements in resonant DC-DC converters in order to reduce the overall system size. For predicting the values of the parasitic capacitors without building the transformer different approaches for calculating these capacitances are compared. A systematic summary of the known approaches is given and missing links between the different theories and missing equations are added. Furthermore, a new simple procedure for modeling parasitic capacitances that is based on the known approaches is proposed. The resulting equations are verified by measurements on four different high voltage transformers.
Publications 1 - 10 of 29