error
Kurzer Serviceunterbruch am Donnerstag, 22. Januar 2026, 12 bis 13 Uhr. Sie können in diesem Zeitraum keine neuen Dokumente hochladen oder bestehende Einträge bearbeiten. Das Login wird in diesem Zeitraum deaktiviert. Grund: Wartungsarbeiten // Short service interruption on Thursday, January 22, 2026, 12.00 – 13.00. During this time, you won’t be able to upload new documents or edit existing records. The login will be deactivated during this time. Reason: maintenance work
 

Journal: Reviews of Geophysics

Abbreviation

Rev. Geophys.

Publisher

Wiley

Journal Volumes

ISSN

8755-1209
0096-1043
1944-9208

Description

Filters

2014 - 201942020 - 20211
Reset filters

Search Results

Publications 1 - 5 of 5
  • Global observations of aerosol-cloud-precipitation-climate interactions
    Item type: Journal Article
    Rosenfeld, Daniel; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Asmi, Ari J.; et al. (2014)
    Reviews of Geophysics
  • Toward a better integration of biological data from precipitation manipulation experiments into Earth system models
    Item type: Journal Article
    Smith, Nicholas G.; Rodgers, Vikki L.; Brzostek, Edward R.; et al. (2014)
    Reviews of Geophysics
  • Polar Stratospheric Clouds: Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion
    Item type: Review Article
    Tritscher, Ines; Pitts, Michael C.; Poole, Lamont R.; et al. (2021)
    Reviews of Geophysics
    Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion during winter and spring at high latitudes (e.g., the Antarctic ozone hole). PSC particles provide sites for heterogeneous reactions that convert stable chlorine reservoir species to radicals that destroy ozone catalytically. PSCs also prolong ozone depletion by delaying chlorine deactivation through the removal of gas-phase HNO3 and H2O by sedimentation of large nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) and ice particles. Contemporary observations by the spaceborne instruments Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) have provided an unprecedented polar vortex-wide climatological view of PSC occurrence and composition in both hemispheres. These data have spurred advances in our understanding of PSC formation and related dynamical processes, especially the firm evidence of widespread heterogeneous nucleation of both NAT and ice PSC particles, perhaps on nuclei of meteoritic origin. Heterogeneous chlorine activation appears to be well understood. Reaction coefficients on/in liquid droplets have been measured accurately, and while uncertainties remain for reactions on solid NAT and ice particles, they are considered relatively unimportant since under most conditions chlorine activation occurs on/in liquid droplets. There have been notable advances in the ability of chemical transport and chemistry-climate models to reproduce PSC temporal/spatial distributions and composition observed from space. Continued spaceborne PSC observations will facilitate further improvements in the representation of PSC processes in global models and enable more accurate projections of the evolution of polar ozone and the global ozone layer as climate changes.
  • A Review of Geophysical Methods for Soil Structure Characterization
    Item type: Review Article
    Romero-Ruiz, Alejandro; Linde, Niklas; Keller, Thomas; et al. (2018)
    Reviews of Geophysics
    The growing interest in the maintenance of favorable soil structure is largely motivated by its central role in plant growth, soil ecological functioning, and impacts on surface water and energy fluxes. Soil structure pertains to the spatial arrangement of voids and solid constituents, their aggregation, and mechanical state. As a fragile product of soil biological activity that includes invisible ingredients (mechanical and ecological states), soil structure is difficult to define rigorously, and measurements of relevant metrics often rely on core samples or on episodic point measurements. The presence of soil structure has not yet been explicitly incorporated in climate and Earth systems models, partially due to incomplete methodological means to characterize it at relevant scales and to parameterize it in spatially extensive models. We seek to review the potential of harnessing geophysical methods to fill the scale gap in characterization of soil structure directly (via impact of soil pores, transport, and mechanical properties on geophysical signals) or indirectly by measurement of surrogate variables (wetness and rates of drainage). We review basic aspects of soil structure and challenges of characterization across spatial and temporal scales and how geophysical methods could be used for the task. Additionally, we propose the use of geophysical models, inversion techniques, and combination of geophysical methods for extracting soil structure information at previously unexplored spatial and temporal scales.
  • The Demographics of Water: A Review of Water Ages in the Critical Zone
    Item type: Review Article
    Sprenger, Matthias; Stumpp, Christine; Weiler, Markus; et al. (2019)
    Reviews of Geophysics
    The time that water takes to travel through the terrestrial hydrological cycle and the critical zone is of great interest in Earth system sciences with broad implications for water quality and quantity. Most water age studies to date have focused on individual compartments (or subdisciplines) of the hydrological cycle such as the unsaturated or saturated zone, vegetation, atmosphere, or rivers. However, recent studies have shown that processes at the interfaces between the hydrological compartments (e.g., soil‐atmosphere or soil‐groundwater) govern the age distribution of the water fluxes between these compartments and thus can greatly affect water travel times. The broad variation from complete to nearly absent mixing of water at these interfaces affects the water ages in the compartments. This is especially the case for the highly heterogeneous critical zone between the top of the vegetation and the bottom of the groundwater storage. Here, we review a wide variety of studies about water ages in the critical zone and provide (1) an overview of new prospects and challenges in the use of hydrological tracers to study water ages, (2) a discussion of the limiting assumptions linked to our lack of process understanding and methodological transfer of water age estimations to individual disciplines or compartments, and (3) a vision for how to improve future interdisciplinary efforts to better understand the feedbacks between the atmosphere, vegetation, soil, groundwater, and surface water that control water ages in the critical zone.
Publications 1 - 5 of 5