Journal: Phytopathology

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American Phytopathological Society

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0031-949X
1943-7684

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Publications 1 - 10 of 90
  • Can High-Risk Fungicides be Used in Mixtures Without Selecting for Fungicide Resistance?
    Item type: Journal Article
    Mikaberidze, Alexey; McDonald, Bruce; Bonhoeffer, Sebastian (2014)
    Phytopathology
    Fungicide mixtures produced by the agrochemical industry often contain low-risk fungicides, to which fungal pathogens are fully sensitive, together with high-risk fungicides known to be prone to fungicide resistance. Can these mixtures provide adequate disease control while minimizing the risk for the development of resistance? We present a population dynamics model to address this question. We found that the fitness cost of resistance is a crucial parameter to determine the outcome of competition between the sensitive and resistant pathogen strains and to assess the usefulness of a mixture. If fitness costs are absent, then the use of the high-risk fungicide in a mixture selects for resistance and the fungicide eventually becomes nonfunctional. If there is a cost of resistance, then an optimal ratio of fungicides in the mixture can be found, at which selection for resistance is expected to vanish and the level of disease control can be optimized.
  • Identification of microsatellite markers and their application to population genetics of Venturia inaequalis
    Item type: Journal Article
    Tenzer, Isabel; Ivanissevich, Stefania degli; Morgante, Michele; et al. (1999)
    Phytopathology
  • Temporal and Spatial Scaling of the Genetic Structure of a Vector-Borne Plant Pathogen
    Item type: Journal Article
    Coletta-Filho, Helvécio D.; Francisco, Carolina S.; Almeida, Rodrigo P.P. (2014)
    Phytopathology
  • DNA-technologies in the creation of disease resistant apple cultivars: Conventional breeding assisted by markers and gene-therapy
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Gessler, Cesare; Patocchi, Andrea; Koller, Bernhard; et al. (2000)
    Phytopathology
  • Divergence Between Sympatric Rice- and Soybean-Infecting Populations of Rhizoctonia solani Anastomosis Group-1 IA
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bernardes de Assis, Joana; Peyer, Patrik; Rush, Milton C.; et al. (2008)
    Phytopathology
    Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG)-1 IA causes soybean foliar blighting (aerial blight) and rice sheath blight diseases. Although taxonomically related within the AG-1 complex, sister populations of R. solani AG-1 IA infecting Poaceae (rice) and Fabaceae (soybean) are genetically distinct based on internal transcribed spacer rDNA. However, there is currently no information available regarding the extent of genetic differentiation and host specialization between rice- and soybean-infecting populations of R. solani AG-1 IA. We used 10 microsatellite loci to compare sympatric R. solani AG-1 IA populations infecting rice and soybeans in Louisiana and one allopatric rice-infecting population from Texas. None of the 154 multilocus genotypes found among the 223 isolates were shared among the three populations. Partitioning of genetic diversity showed significant differentiation among sympatric populations from different host species (ΦST = 0.39 to 0.41). Historical migration patterns between sympatric rice- and soybean-infecting populations from Louisiana were asymmetrical. Rice- and soybean-derived isolates of R. solani AG-1 IA were able to infect both rice and soybean, but were significantly more aggressive on their host of origin, consistent with host specialization. The soybean-infecting population from Louisiana was more clonal than the sympatric rice-infecting population. Most of the loci in the soybean-infecting populations were out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), but the sympatric rice-infecting population from Louisiana was mainly in HWE. All populations presented evidence for a mixed reproductive system.
  • An analysis of the durability of resistance to plant viruses
    Item type: Review Article
    García-Arenal, Fernando; McDonald, Bruce A. (2003)
    Phytopathology
  • Influence of enhanced antibiotic production in Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CHA0 on its disease suppressive capacity
    Item type: Journal Article
    Maurhofer, Monika; Keel, Christoph; Schnider Ursula; et al. (1992)
    Phytopathology
  • A Global Analysis of CYP51 Diversity and Azole Sensitivity in Rhynchosporium commune
    Item type: Journal Article
    Brunner, Patrick C.; Stefansson, Tryggvi S.; Fountaine, James; et al. (2016)
    Phytopathology
    CYP51 encodes the target site of the azole class of fungicides widely used in plant protection. Some ascomycete pathogens carry two CYP51 paralogs called CYP51A and CYP51B. A recent analysis of CYP51 sequences in 14 European isolates of the barley scald pathogen Rhynchosporium commune revealed three CYP51 paralogs, CYP51A, CYP51B, and a pseudogene called CYP51A-p. The same analysis showed that CYP51A exhibits a presence/absence polymorphism, with lower sensitivity to azole fungicides associated with the presence of a functional CYP51A. We analyzed a global collection of nearly 400 R. commune isolates to determine if these findings could be extended beyond Europe. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that CYP51A played a key role in the emergence of azole resistance globally and provide new evidence that the CYP51A gene in R. commune has further evolved, presumably in response to azole exposure. We also present evidence for recent long-distance movement of evolved CYP51A alleles, highlighting the risk associated with movement of fungicide resistance alleles among international trading partners.
  • Detecting immigration in field populations of Rhynchosporium secalis using assignment tests
    Item type: Other Journal Item
    Abang, Mathew M.; Brunner, Patrick C.; Linde, Celeste C.; et al. (2006)
    Phytopathology
Publications 1 - 10 of 90