Journal: Water Research

Abbreviation

Water Res.

Publisher

Elsevier

Journal Volumes

ISSN

0043-1354
1879-2448

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Publications1 - 10 of 312
  • Migration of As, and H-3/(3) He ages, in groundwater from West Bengal
    Item type: Journal Article
    McArthur, J.M.; Banerjee, D.M.; Sengupta, S.; et al. (2010)
    Water Research
  • Unraveling the riverine antibiotic resistome: The downstream fate of anthropogenic inputs
    Item type: Journal Article
    Lee, Jangwoo; Ju, Feng; Maile-Moskowitz, Ayella; et al. (2021)
    Water Research
    River networks are one of the main routes by which the public could be exposed to environmental sources of antibiotic resistance, that may be introduced e.g. via treated wastewater. In this study, we applied a comprehensive integrated analysis encompassing mass-flow concepts, chemistry, bacterial plate counts, resistance gene quantification and shotgun metagenomics to track the fate of the resistome (collective antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a microbial community) of treated wastewater in two Swiss rivers at the kilometer scale. The levels of certain ARGs and the class 1 integron integrase gene (intI1) commonly associated with anthropogenic sources of ARGs decreased quickly over short distances (2-2.5 km) downstream of wastewater discharge points. Mass-flow analysis based on conservative tracers suggested this decrease was attributable mainly to dilution but ARG loadings frequently also decreased (e.g., 55.0-98.5 % for ermB and tetW) over the longest studied distances (6.8 and 13.7 km downstream). Metagenomic analysis confirmed that ARG of wastewater-origin did not persist in rivers after 5 ~ 6.8 km downstream distance. sul1 and intI1 levels and loadings were more variable and even increased sharply at 5 ~ 6.8 km downstream distance on one occasion. While input from agriculture and in-situ positive selection pressure for organisms carrying ARGs cannot be excluded, in-system growth of biomass is a more probable explanation. The potential for direct human exposure to the resistome of wastewater-origin thus appeared to typically abate rapidly in the studied rivers. However, the riverine aquatic resistome was also dynamic, as evidenced by the increase of certain gene markers downstream, without obvious sources of anthropogenic contamination. This study provides new insight into drivers of riverine resistomes and pinpoints key monitoring targets indicative of where human sources and exposures are likely to be most acute.
  • Dynamics of biocide emissions from buildings in a suburban stormwater catchment
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bollmann, Ulla E.; Vollertsen, Jes; Carmeliet, Jan; et al. (2014)
    Water Research
  • Outdoor demonstration-scale flat plate photobioreactor for resource recovery with purple phototrophic bacteria
    Item type: Journal Article
    Capson-Tojo G.; Hülsen, Tim; Gan, Zuo Meng; et al. (2022)
    Water Research
    To make purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB)-based technologies a reality for resource recovery, research must be demonstrated outdoors, using scaled reactors. In this study, a 10 m long PPB-enriched flat plate photobioreactor (FPPBR) with a volume of 0.95 m3 was operated for 253 days, fed with poultry processing wastewater. Different operational strategies were tested, including varying influent types, retention times, feeding strategies, and anaerobic/aerobic conditions in a novel mixed metabolic mode concept. The overall results show that regardless of the fermented wastewater fed (raw or after solid removal via dissolved air flotation) and the varying environmental conditions (e.g., light exposure and temperatures), the FPPBR provided effective volatile fatty acids (VFAs), N, and P removals (average efficiencies of >90%, 34–77%, and 28–45%, respectively). The removal of N and P was limited by the availability of biodegradable COD. Biomass (C, N and P) could be harvested at ∼90% VS/TS ratio, 58% crude protein content and a suitable amino acid profile for potential feed applications. During fully anaerobic operation with semicontinuous/day-only feeding, the FPPBR showed biomass productivities between 25 and 84 g VS m−2 d−1 (high due to solid influx; the productivities estimated from COD removal rates were 6.0–24 g VS•m−2•d−1 (conservative values)), and soluble COD removal rates of up to 1.0 g•L−1•d−1 (overall average of 0.34 ± 0.16 g•L−1•d−1). Under these conditions, the relative abundance of PPB in the harvested biomass was up to 56%. A minimum overall HRT of 2–2.4 d (1.0–1.2 d when only fed during the day) is recommended to avoid PPB washout, assuming no biomass retention. A combined daily-illuminated-anaerobic/night-aerobic operation (supplying air during night-time) exploiting photoheterotrophy during the day and aerobic chemoheterotrophy of the same bacteria at night improved the overall removal performance, avoiding VFA accumulation during the night. However, while enabling enhanced treatment, this resulted in a lower relative abundance of PPB and reduced biomass productivities, highlighting the need to balance resource recovery and treatment goals.
  • The behaviour of pharmaceuticals and heavy metals during struvite precipitation in urine
    Item type: Journal Article
    Ronteltap, Mariska; Maurer, Max; Gujer, Willi (2007)
    Water Research
  • Effects of organic pollutants from wastewater treatment plants on aquatic invertebrate communities
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bunzel, Katja; Kattwinkel, Mira; Liess, Matthias (2013)
    Water Research
  • The value of human data annotation for machine learning based anomaly detection in environmental systems
    Item type: Journal Article
    Russo, Stefania; Besmer, Michael D.; Blumensaat, Frank; et al. (2021)
    Water Research
    Anomaly detection is the process of identifying unexpected data samples in datasets. Automated anomaly detection is either performed using supervised machine learning models, which require a labelled dataset for their calibration, or unsupervised models, which do not require labels. While academic research has produced a vast array of tools and machine learning models for automated anomaly detection, the research community focused on environmental systems still lacks a comparative analysis that is simultaneously comprehensive, objective, and systematic. This knowledge gap is addressed for the first time in this study, where 15 different supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection models are evaluated on 5 different environmental datasets from engineered and natural aquatic systems. To this end, anomaly detection performance, labelling efforts, as well as the impact of model and algorithm tuning are taken into account. As a result, our analysis reveals the relative strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches in an objective manner without bias for any particular paradigm in machine learning. Most importantly, our results show that expert-based data annotation is extremely valuable for anomaly detection based on machine learning.
  • Photolysis of inorganic chloramines and efficiency of trichloramine abatement by UV treatment of swimming pool water
    Item type: Journal Article
    Soltermann, Fabian; Widler, Tobias; Canonica, Silvio; et al. (2014)
    Water Research
    Trichloramine, one of the three inorganic chloramines (mono-, di- and trichloramine), is a problematic disinfection by-product in recreational pool water since it causes skin and eye irritations as well as irritations of the respiratory tract. The most commonly used chloramine mitigation strategy in pool water is UV treatment. Experiments with membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) confirmed that inorganic chloramines are effectively degraded by UV irradiation with low-pressure (LP) and medium-pressure (MP) mercury lamps (apparent quantum yields (QY): NH2Cl = 0.50 (LP) and 0.31 (MP) mol einstein−1, NHCl2: 1.06 (LP) and 0.85 (MP) mol einstein−1). Trichloramine showed the fastest depletion with a quantum yield slightly above 2 mol einstein−1 in purified (LP and MP) and pool water (MP). This high quantum yield can partly be explained by reactions involving radical dotOH radicals (purified water) and the reaction of trichloramine with moieties formed during UV irradiation of pool water. The presence of free chlorine affects trichloramine degradation (QY: ∼1.5 mol einstein−1) since it scavenges radical dotOH radicals and competes with trichloramine for reactive species (e.g. organic amines). Measurements in a pool facility revealed that the installed UV reactors degraded trichloramine by 40–50% as expected from laboratory experiments. However, trichloramine reduction in the pools was less pronounced than in the UV reactors. Model calculations combining pool hydraulics with formation/abatement of trichloramine showed that there was a fast trichloramine formation in the pool from the residual chlorine and nitrogenous precursors. The main factors influencing trichloramine concentrations in pool water are the free chlorine concentration and the UV treatment in combination with the recirculation rate through the water treatment system.
  • Investigating the relationship between toxicity and organic sum-parameters in kraft mill effluents
    Item type: Journal Article
    Raptis, Catherine E.; Juraske, Ronnie; Hellweg, Stefanie (2014)
    Water Research
  • A new method to assess the influence of migration from polymeric materials on the biostability of drinking water
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bucheli-Witschel, Margarete; Kötzsch, Stefan; Darr, Stephan; et al. (2012)
    Water Research
Publications1 - 10 of 312