Journal: 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing

Abbreviation

Publisher

Mary Ann Liebert

Journal Volumes

ISSN

2329-7662
2329-7670

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2015 - 201982020 - 202522
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Publications 1 - 10 of 30
  • Light Distribution in 3D-Printed Thermoplastics
    Item type: Journal Article
    Cheibas, Ina; Piccioni, Valeria; Lloret-Fritschi, Ena; et al. (2023)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
    Daylight distribution is an essential performance parameter for building facades that aim to maximize user comfort while maintaining energy efficiency. This study investigates the feasibility of using 3D-printed thermoplastic to improve daylight distribution and transmission. To identify how geometry influences light distribution and transmission, 12 samples with various patterns were robotically fabricated. In a physical simulation of spring, summer, and winter, a robotic arm was used to direct light onto the samples in both the vertical and horizontal print pattern directions. In addition, three samples of conventional facade materials, including a polycarbonate panel, a polycarbonate sheet, and a single sheet of glass, were compared with the 3D-printed samples. All samples were examined and compared using high dynamic range imaging to qualitatively characterize luminance. The data analysis demonstrated that 3D-printed geometry can successfully generate customizable diffusive light distribution based on the needs of the user. Furthermore, the results showed that the vertical pattern direction had higher light transmission values than the horizontal pattern direction.
  • Additive Construction
    Item type: Other Journal Item
    Dillenburger, Benjamin (2022)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
  • Rosalind Franklin Society Proudly Announces the 2022 Award Recipient for 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
    Item type: Other Journal Item
    Mitropoulou, Ioanna (2023)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
    The introduction of robotic arms in additive manufacturing enables the scaling up of three-dimensional (3D) printing processes and the realization of nonplanar path geometries. As a result, novel design potential is unlocked by having control over the layered configuration of paths in the object, and 3D printing becomes viable for architectural applications. However, the various challenges associated with creating feasible nonplanar layered paths for the realization of large-scale objects are hindering their integration in the design process and broad use. This work presents methods that contribute to the flexible and intuitive design of nonplanar layered paths for robotic printing. We focus on the challenges related to the realization of single-shell bifurcating structures, with emphasis on the paths' behavior on the bifurcating moments of the shapes. Our methods are based on the use of design techniques that originate from implicit shape representation and on the detection of critical points on the surface through the lens of distance functions. We present fabricated prototypes printed with nonplanar paths that showcase the possibilities of our methods.
  • Mechanical Properties of Interfaces in Inkjet 3D Printed Single- and Multi-Material Parts
    Item type: Journal Article
    Müller, Jochen; Courty, Diana; Spielhofer, Manuel; et al. (2017)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
  • Eggshell: Ultra-Thin Three-Dimensional Printed Formwork for Concrete Structures
    Item type: Journal Article
    Burger, Joris Jan; Lloret-Fritschi, Ena; Scotto, Fabio; et al. (2020)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
    vConcrete is a material favored by architects and builders alike due to its high structural strength and its ability to take almost any form. However, to shape concrete structures, heavy-duty formwork is usually necessary to support the fresh concrete while curing. To expand geometrical freedom, three-dimensional (3D) printed concrete formwork has emerged as a field of research. This article presents one possible application, a novel fabrication process that combines large-scale robotic fused deposition modeling 3D printing with simultaneous casting of a fast-hardening, set-on-demand concrete. This fabrication process, known as ‘‘Eggshell,’’ enables the production of nonstandard concrete structures in a material-efficient process. By casting a fast-hardening concrete in a continuous process, lateral pressure exerted by the fresh concrete is kept to a minimum. In this way, a 1.5-mm-thin thermoplastic shell can be used as a formwork, without any additional support. Geometries of different scales are tested in this article to evaluate the feasibility of the Eggshell fabrication process in an architectural context. An array of printing materials are also tested, and several different reinforcement concepts are analyzed. The findings are used to produce a full-scale architectural demonstrator project. This article shows that a wide range of concrete geometries can be produced in a material-efficient fabrication process, paving the way toward mass customization and structural optimization within concrete architecture.
  • Load-Bearing Capacity and Deformation of Jammed Architectural Structures
    Item type: Journal Article
    Rusenova, Gergana; Wittel, Falk K.; Aejmelaeus-Lindström, Petrus; et al. (2018)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
  • An Autonomous Programmable Actuator and Shape Reconfigurable Structures Using Bistability and Shape Memory Polymers
    Item type: Journal Article
    Chen, Tian; Shea, Kristina (2018)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
  • Robotic Plaster Spraying: Crafting Surfaces with Adaptive Thin-Layer Printing
    Item type: Journal Article
    Ercan Jenny, Selen; Lloret-Fritschi, Ena; Jenny, David; et al. (2022)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
    Embedded in a long tradition of craftsmanship, inside or outside building surfaces, is often treated with plaster, which plays both functional and ornamental roles. Today, plasterwork is predominantly produced through rationalized, time-, and cost-efficient processes, used for standardized building elements. These processes have also gained interest in the construction robotics field, and while such approaches target the direct automation of standardized plasterwork, they estrange themselves from the inherent qualities of this malleable material that are well known from the past. This research investigates the design potentials of robotic plaster spraying, proposing an adaptive, thin-layer vertical printing method for plasterwork that aims to introduce a digital craft through additive manufacturing. The presented work is an explorative study of a digitally controlled process that can be applied to broaden the design possibilities for the surfaces of building structures. It involves the spraying of multiple thin layers of plaster onto a vertical surface to create volumetric formations or patterns, without the use of any formwork or support structures. This article describes the experimental setup and the initial results of the data collection method involving systematic studies with physical testing, allowing to develop means to predict and visualize the complex-to-simulate material behavior, which might eventually enable to design with the plasticity of this material in a digital design tool.
  • Soft Self-Regulating Heating Elements for Thermoplastic Elastomer-Based Electronic Skin Applications
    Item type: Journal Article
    Georgopoulou, Antonia; Diethelm, Pascal; Wagner, Marius; et al. (2024)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
    Resistive heating elements can be of particular interest for many applications, such as e-skin. In this study, soft heating elements were developed by combining thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with carbon black. In contrast to previous studies on thermoplastic polymer-based thermistors, the heating elements could endure elongations above 100%. Due to the high melting point of the TPU and the carbon filler, the thermistors could be heated up to 180 degrees C without significant deformation. The heating elements were extruded on TPU substrates using material extrusion additive manufacturing in one-step process. Self-regulating behavior to control the maximum temperature was achieved with the application of two different voltages (20 and 25 V) and different current thresholds, between 100 and 800 mA. The heating performance was adjusted by changing the geometry of the sensing elements; an increase in cross section resulted in a lower current density and lower temperature. For the heating elements, variation of the additive manufacturing parameters such as offset, layer height, nozzle speed, and extrusion multiplier resulted in a different width/height aspect ratio of the cross section of the extruded lines, affecting the initial resistivity of the thermistor. Orientation of the carbon filler during extrusion process is one reason for the small change of the longitudinal conductivity of the heating elements. The resulting skin with the integrated heating elements allowed the possibility to perform the in situ heating for the localized healing of structural damage, while maintaining the softness required for the application of soft robotic electronic skin.
  • Impact Printing
    Item type: Journal Article
    Ming, Coralie; Ammar, Mirjan; Medina Ibáñez, Jesus; et al. (2022)
    3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
    This article introduces the concept of Impact Printing, a new additive manufacturing (AM) method that aggregates malleable discrete elements (or soft particles) by a robotic shooting process. The bonding between the soft particles stems from the transformation of kinetic energy, gained during the acceleration phase, into plastic deformation upon impact. Hence, no additional binding material is needed between the soft particles; the cohesion and self-interlocking capacities of the material itself acts as the primary binding agent. Shooting, and consequent impacting, forces can be modulated and result in distinct compaction ratios. By linearly shooting material, we decouple the deposition apparatus from the produced parts and provide flexibility to the deposition process to potentially build in any directions or onto uncontrolled surfaces. Impact Printing produces parts with formal characteristics standing between brick laying-assembly of discrete building blocks-and 3D Printing-computer-controlled depositioning or solidifying of material. It brings forward a novel digital fabrication method and an alternative to the conventional continuous AM process. This article validates the Impact Printing approach with a series of prototypical experiments, conducted with a robotic fabrication setup consisting of a six-axis robotic arm mounted with a material shooting apparatus, that forms, orients, and projects the soft particles. We will explain and demonstrate its principles and define the fabrication parameters, such as shooting force, shooting distance, and the resulting aggregations' characteristics.
Publications 1 - 10 of 30