Journal: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering

Abbreviation

IEEE trans. biomed. eng.

Publisher

IEEE

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ISSN

0018-9294
1558-2531

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Publications 1 - 10 of 88
  • Craniospinal Pressure–Volume Dynamics in Phantom Models
    Item type: Journal Article
    Schmid Daners, Marianne; Bottan, Simone; Guzzella, Lino; et al. (2012)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
  • Magnetic Control of a Flexible Needle in Neurosurgery
    Item type: Journal Article
    Hong, Ayoung; Petruska, Andrew J.; Zemmar, Ajmal; et al. (2021)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
    Minimally invasive neurosurgery does not require large incisions and openings in the skull to access the desired brain region, which often results in a faster recovery with fewer complications than traditional open neurosurgery. For disorders treated by the implantation of neurostimulators and thermocoagulation probes, current procedures incorporate a straight rigid needle, which restricts surgical trajectories and limits the number of possible targets and degrees of freedom at the respective target. A steerable needle with a flexible body could overcome these limitations. In this paper, we present a flexible needle steering system with magnetic and fluoroscopic guidance for neurosurgical procedures. A permanent magnet at the proximal end of a flexible needle is steered by an external magnetic field, and the resultant tip-deflection angle bends the flexible body like a bevel-tip needle. We implemented a kinematic model for the magnetic needle derived from a nonholonomic bicycle model and a closed-loop control strategy with feed-forward and feed-back components using a chained-form transformation. The proposed needle steering method was investigated through in vitro and ex vivo experiments.
  • In Vitro Oxygen Sensing Using Intraocular Microrobots
    Item type: Journal Article
    Ergeneman, Olgaç; Chatzipirpiridis, George; Pokki, Juho; et al. (2012)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
    We present a luminescence oxygen sensor integrated with a wireless intraocular microrobot for minimally-invasive diagnosis. This microrobot can be accurately controlled in the intraocular cavity by applying magnetic fields. The microrobot consists of a magnetic body susceptible to magnetic fields and a sensor coating. This coating embodies Pt(II) octaethylporphine (PtOEP) dyes as the luminescence material and polystyrene as a supporting matrix, and it can be wirelessly excited and read out by optical means. The sensor works based on quenching of luminescence in the presence of oxygen. The excitation and emission spectrum, response time, and oxygen sensitivity of the sensor were characterized using a spectrometer. A custom device was designed and built to use this sensor for intraocular measurements with the microrobot. Due to the intrinsic nature of luminescence lifetimes, a frequency-domain lifetime measurement approach was used. An alternative sensor design with increased performance was demonstrated by using poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PS-MA) and PtOEP nanospheres.
  • Model-Based Estimation of Knee Stiffness
    Item type: Journal Article
    Pfeifer, Serge; Vallery, Heike; Hardegger, Michael; et al. (2012)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
  • A legged anchoring mechanism for capsule endoscopes using micropatterned adhesives
    Item type: Journal Article
    Glass, Paul; Cheung, Eugene; Sitti, Metin (2008)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
    This paper presents a new concept for an anchoring mechanism to enhance existing capsule endoscopes. The mechanism consists of three actuated legs with compliant feet lined with micropillar adhesives to be pressed into the intestine wall to anchor the device at a fixed location. These adhesive systems are inspired by gecko and beetle foot hairs. Single-leg and full capsule mathematical models of the forces generated by the legs are analyzed to understand capsule performance. Empirical friction models for the interaction of the adhesives with an intestinal substrate were experimentally determined in vitro using dry and oil-coated elastomer micropillar arrays with 140 mum pillar diameter, 105 mum spacing between pillars, and an aspect ratio of 1:1 on fresh porcine small intestine specimens. Capsule prototypes were also tested in a simulated intestine environment and compared with predicted peristaltic loads to assess the viability of the proposed design. The experimental results showed that a deployed 10 gr capsule robot can withstand axial peristaltic loads and anchor reliably when actuation forces are greater than 0.27 N using dry micropillars. Required actuation forces may be reduced significantly by using micropillars coated with a thin silicone oil layer.
  • EpilepsyGAN: Synthetic Epileptic Brain Activities with Privacy Preservation
    Item type: Journal Article
    Pascual, Damian; Amirshahi, Alireza; Aminifar, Amir; et al. (2021)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
    Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder affecting more than 65 million people worldwide and manifested by recurrent unprovoked seizures. The unpredictability of seizures not only degrades the quality of life of the patients, but it can also be life-threatening. Modern systems monitoring elec-troencephalography (EEG) signals are being currently developed with the view to detect epileptic seizures in order to alert caregivers and reduce the impact of seizures on patients' quality of life. Such seizure detection systems employ state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms that require a large amount of labeled personal data for training. However, acquiring EEG signals during epileptic seizures is a costly and time-consuming process for medical experts and patients. Furthermore, this data often contains sensitive personal information, presenting privacy concerns. In this work, we generate synthetic seizure-like brain electrical activities, i.e., EEG signals, that can be used to train seizure detection algorithms, alleviating the need for sensitive recorded data. Our experiments show that the synthetic seizure data generated with our GAN model succeeds at preserving the privacy of the patients without producing any degradation in performance during seizure monitoring. © 2020 IEEE.
  • A Novel Estimation Approach of Pressure Gradient and Haemodynamic Stresses as Indicators of Pathological Aortic Flow Using Subvoxel Modelling
    Item type: Journal Article
    Corso, Pascal; Giannakopoulos, George; Gülan, Utku; et al. (2021)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
    Objective: The flow downstream from aortic stenoses is characterised by the onset of shear-induced turbulence that leads to irreversible pressure losses. These extra losses represent an increased resistance that impacts cardiac efficiency. A novel approach is suggested in this study to accurately evaluate the pressure gradient profile along the aorta centreline using modelling of haemodynamic stress at scales that are smaller than the typical resolution achieved in experiments. Methods: We use benchmark data obtained from direct numerical simulation (DNS) along with results from in silico and in vitro three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (3D-PTV) at three voxel sizes, namely 750 μm, 1 mm and 1.5 mm. A differential equation is derived for the pressure gradient, and the subvoxel-scale (SVS) stresses are closed using the Smagorinsky and a new refined model. Model constants are optimised using DNS and in silico PTV data and validated based on pulsatile in vitro 3D-PTV data and pressure catheter measurements. Results: The Smagorinsky-based model was found to be more accurate for SVS stress estimation but also more sensitive to errors especially at lower resolution, whereas the new model was found to more accurately estimate the projected pressure gradient even for larger voxel size of 1.5 mm albeit at the cost of increased sensitivity at this voxel size. A comparison with other methods in the literature shows that the new approach applied to in vitro PTV measurements estimates the irreversible pressure drop by decreasing the errors by at least 20%. Conclusion: Our novel approach based on the modelling of subvoxel stress offers a validated and more accurate way to estimate pressure gradient, irreversible pressure loss and SVS stress. Significance: We anticipate that the approach may potentially be applied to image-based in vivo, in vitro 4D flow data or in silico data with limited spatial resolution to assess pressure loss and SVS stresses in disturbed aortic blood flow.
  • An Implantable Microactuated Intrafascicular Electrode for Peripheral Nerves
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bossi, Silvia; Kammer, Sascha; Dörge, Thomas; et al. (2009)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
  • A software package for the decomposition of long-term multichannel EMG signals using wavelet coefficients
    Item type: Journal Article
    Zennaro, Daniel; Wellig, Peter; Koch, Volker M.; et al. (2003)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
  • Model-Based Separation, Detection, and Classification of Eye Movements
    Item type: Journal Article
    Wadehn, Federico; Weber, Thilo; Mack, David J.; et al. (2020)
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Publications 1 - 10 of 88