Journal: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

Abbreviation

J. Asian Earth Sci.

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Elsevier

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ISSN

1367-9120

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Publications 1 - 10 of 31
  • Evidence of a new backthrust fault system from the 2022 southeast Java, Indonesia earthquake sequence: Insights from seismological analysis
    Item type: Journal Article
    Simanjuntak , Andrean V.H.; Palgunadi, Kadek Hendrawan; Syaifuddin , Firman; et al. (2026)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
    A Mw 5.2 earthquake struck southeastern Java Island, Indonesia, on July 9, 2022, followed by more than 200 aftershocks over five days, including a Mw 5.0 event. Through integrated analysis combining an updated 1-D velocity model, array-based depth determination, double-difference relocation, and Bayesian moment tensor inversion, we reveal evidence for a previously unidentified active backthrust fault system in the southeastern Java forearc region. The mainshock occurred at approximately 20 km depth, with the relocated hypocenters forming a distinct south-dipping alignment situated 5–20 km above the subducting slab. Focal mechanisms consistently show thrust faulting with east–west strike orientation and steep south-dipping nodal planes—opposite to the subduction direction. This newly identified backthrust system is located approximately 150 km north of the trench line, with estimated fault dimensions of 20 km in length and 30 km in width. Coulomb stress modeling suggests the 1994 Mw 7.8 Banyuwangi earthquake may have contributed to the activation of this structure through a modest stress increase of approximately 1 bar. The identification of this backthrust system enhances our understanding of the complex deformation patterns in southeastern Java, and carries significant implications for regional seismic and tsunami hazard assessment.
  • Local stress perturbations associated with the 2008 Wenchuan M 8.0 earthquake near the Longmenshan fault zone in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau
    Item type: Journal Article
    Feng, Chengjun; Yang, Yihai; Ma, Xiaodong; et al. (2020)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
    The 2008 Wenchuan M 8.0 earthquake induced local stress perturbations near the Longmenshan (LMS) fault zone. Using in situ measurements and stress tensor inversions from focal mechanisms, we investigated the post-earthquake perturbed stress field at shallow depths (≤1.2 km), in the upper crust above a basal attachment (~5–18 km) as well as in the middle crust beneath a basal attachment (~19–32 km). At shallow depths in the Beichuan-Jiangyou section, the maximum principal stress (σ1) orientations changed from a pre-earthquake orientation of NWW to a post-earthquake orientation of NEE. However, near the Baoxing-An'xian and Qingchuan-Mianxian sections, the pre-earthquake σ1 orientation of NW-NWW was largely unaltered. Before the mainshock, in the upper crust above the basal detachment, the entire LMS fault zone exhibited a consistent σ1 orientation of NW-NWW. However, after the earthquake, some sections, such as the Beichuan-Nanba section, achieved σ1 orientations of NEE that were distinctly different from the pre-seismic stress field. In the middle crust beneath the basal detachment, the stress field was mostly unchanged. The crust beneath the basal detachment, along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, is dominated by NWW-oriented maximum principle stress and strain directions and a thrust faulting stress regime along the entire LMS fault zone; these observations are representative of the southeastward motion of the Bayan Har block and its ongoing collision with the South China block along the LMS thrust belt. The spatially heterogeneous stress field that occurred in the upper crust (≤18 km) after the mainshock was most likely caused by the co-seismic static stress changes associated with the Wenchuan earthquake. Prior to the onset of seismic activity, the deviatoric stress magnitudes were estimated at less than 22 MPa and 4 MPa at depths of 10 km and 20 km, respectively, suggesting that the mainshock fault zone has a relatively low fault strength to overcome, in order to initiate significant co-seismic rupture and aftershocks, especially in the crust beneath the basal detachment. These smaller deviatoric magnitudes are indicative of the weaker fault materials that resides in the LMS region. (© 2020 Elsevier Ltd)
  • A precursor of the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara Sea region
    Item type: Journal Article
    Reiners, P.; Zattin, Massimiliano; Cavazza, William; et al. (2010)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
  • Lithospheric stress-states predicted from long-term tectonic models
    Item type: Journal Article
    Kaus, Boris J.P.; Liu, Yingchun; Becker, T.W.; et al. (2009)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
  • A transfer fault complex to explain the geodynamics and faulting mechanisms of the 1976 M7.8 Tangshan earthquake China
    Item type: Journal Article
    Mearns, Euan; Sornette, Didier (2021)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
    The geodynamics and faulting mechanism of the M7.8 Tangshan earthquake (China, 28th July 1976) are re-examined within a framework of a transfer fault complex that has strike slip, thrust and normal faulting components. The locations of the faults are conditioned by the locations of the 30 largest shocks (M > 5) of the sequence from 28th July 1976 to 27th November 1977. We find that the shocks are naturally arranged into three discrete time–space constrained sequences, and two linked transfer fault complexes are required to explain the data. We validate the transfer fault model by comparing the distribution of faults as we map them with the distribution of 247 M > 4 aftershocks that occurred from 1 September 1976 to 31 December 1979, the distribution of recent H2 and He soil gas anomalies from 756 sites spread across the extensive fault zone and the distribution of large animal behaviour and telluric current anomalies. We find a high degree of conformity between the transfer faults as we map them and these other data sets, with some degree of inconsistency that we use to refine the transfer fault model. Our main conclusion is that event 1 (M7.8) of the Tangshan earthquake occurred on the dextral strike slip leg of a transfer fault on the edge of the Bohai Bay Basin and as such is an integral part of the on-going evolution of that basin where a new active rifting phase may have begun during the Quaternary.
  • Glacial advances in Tibet during the Younger Dryas?
    Item type: Journal Article
    Tschudi, Silvio; Schäfer, Jörg M.; Zhao, Zhizong; et al. (2003)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
  • Interpreting noble-gas concentrations as proxies for salinity and temperature in the world's largest soda lake (Lake Van, Turkey)
    Item type: Journal Article
    Tomonaga, Yama; Blättler, Rafael; Brennwald, Matthias S.; et al. (2012)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
  • Paleomagnetic results along the Bitlis-Zağros suture zone in SE Anatolia, Turkey: Implications for the activation of the Dead Sea Fault Zone
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bakkal, Beyza; Cengiz Cinku, Mualla; Heller, Friedrich (2019)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
  • Spatiotemporal variation of organic geochemical properties since the mid-Miocene in the deep South China Sea (IODP Expedition 349)
    Item type: Journal Article
    Bao, Rui; Jia, Guodong; Zhang, Chuanlun (2019)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
  • Paleostress regimes from brittle structures of the Karakoram–Kohistan Suture Zone and surrounding areas of NW Pakistan
    Item type: Journal Article
    Heuberger, Stefan; Célérier, Bernard; Burg, Jean-Pierre; et al. (2010)
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
    Paleostress orientations were calculated from fault populations at 24 sites along the SW–NE segment and five sites along the E–W, Yasin segment of the Karakoram–Kohistan Suture Zone in NW Pakistan. They demonstrate the importance of combined thrusting and strike-slip faulting. However, several paleostress tensor directions are distinguished: a dominant NW–SE compression and a minor E–W compression are compatible with the recent evolution of this part of the Hindu Kush. From the lack of both systematic overprinting-relationships and spatial trend (the two tensors were obtained at different locations) we conclude that in each location any of these two shortening directions can dominate. Heterogeneously distributed extension is found in some places and is likely due to local conditions. These paleostress tensors substantiate a transpressional regime due to far-field Himalayan compression and document the long-term background of the seismogenic deformation in this region.
Publications 1 - 10 of 31