Journal: Materials and Corrosion

Abbreviation

Mater Corros

Publisher

Wiley-VCH

Journal Volumes

ISSN

0947-5117
0043-2822
1521-4176

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Publications 1 - 8 of 8
  • A comparison of methods to assess the resistance of reinforcing steel against chloride-induced corrosion in concrete: Particular consideration of 12% chromium steel
    Item type: Journal Article
    Boschmann Käthler, Carolina; Ebell, Gino; Kessler, Sylvia; et al. (2025)
    Materials and Corrosion
    The critical chloride content Ccrit is an indicator for the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steels in concrete. In this article, several experimental methods for determining the critical chloride content Ccrit of mild and an alloyed (12% Cr) steel in cementitious materials are compared. The methods used include accelerated polarization tests and tests using more natural (unpolarized) conditions in which chloride ingress occurs by diffusion and capillary uptake. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods are discussed, in particular, with the objective of reaching a compromise between applicability to practice and feasibility in laboratory testing.
  • Long-term durability of electrochemical chloride extraction
    Item type: Journal Article
    Elsener, B. (2008)
    Materials and Corrosion
  • Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials
    Item type: Review Article
    Mundra, Shishir; Samson, Gabriel; Masi, Giulia; et al. (2023)
    Materials and Corrosion
    Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are binders that can complement and partially substitute the current use of conventional cement. However, the present knowledge about how AAMs protect steel reinforcement in concrete elements is incomplete, and uncertainties exist regarding the application of electrochemical methods to investigate this issue. The present review by EFC WP11-Task Force ‘Corrosion of steel in alkali-activated materials’ demonstrates that important differences exist between AAMs and Portland cement, and between different classes of AAMs, which are mainly caused by differing pore solution compositions, and which affect the outcomes of electrochemical measurements. The high sulfide concentrations in blast furnace slag-based AAMs lead to distinct anodic polarisation curves, unusually low open circuit potentials, and low polarisation resistances, which might be incorrectly interpreted as indicating active corrosion of steel reinforcement. No systematic study of the influence of the steel–concrete interface on the susceptibility of steel to corrosion in AAMs is available. Less common electrochemical methods present an opportunity for future progress in the field.
  • Unravelling the corrosion processes at steel/bentonite interfaces in in situ tests
    Item type: Journal Article
    Wersin, Paul; Hadi, Jebril; Kiczka, Mirjam; et al. (2023)
    Materials and Corrosion
    Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses were conducted on steel/bentonite interface samples removed from four in situ experiments that were carried out in three underground research laboratories at different temperatures and under different hydraulic and geochemical conditions. The results provide valuable information about the corrosion processes occurring in high-level radioactive waste repositories. Systematic patterns can be deduced from the results, irrespective of carbon steel grade, type of bentonite and its degree of compaction, geochemical environment or experimental setup. Thus, a clear dependence of the corrosion rates on temperature and exposure period, as well as on the availability of H2O and O2 provided by the surrounding bentonite buffer, is observed. Furthermore, Fe(II) ions released by corrosion interact with the structural Fe in the clay. Recent developments highlight the usefulness of reactive transport modelling in understanding the coupled corrosion and Fe–clay interaction processes.
  • Corrosion behaviour of point-by-point wire and arc additively manufactured steel bars
    Item type: Journal Article
    Michel, Lucas; Aguilar Sanchez, Asel M.; Silvestru, Vlad-Alexandru; et al. (2022)
    Materials and Corrosion
    Robot-assisted point-by-point wire and arc additive manufacturing is considered a promising technology for optimising the production of metallic connections used in complex nodes, space trusses or grid shells. While mechanical properties of such elements were proved suitable for structural applications, a lack of knowledge exists concerning their durability. We investigate the corrosion performance of low carbon steel bars produced by point-by-point wire and arc additive manufacturing. Metallurgical analyses show uniform microstructure along the length of the steel bars. Corrosion initiation tests in simulated atmospheric exposure reveal the influence of geometry on corrosion, in particular, the presence of concave areas. The surface state and postprinting cleaning processes were investigated with microscopy and electrochemical techniques. These experiments indicate a detrimental effect of oxide scales due to the wire and arc additive manufacturing process on the corrosion behaviour of the steel. The results of the study show that special care must be given to the geometry and surface state of wire and arc additively produced low carbon steel components in case of long-term use.
  • Prof. Dr. Bernhard Elsener
    Item type: Other Journal Item
    Angst, Ueli (2012)
    Materials and Corrosion
  • A comparison of methods to assess the resistance of reinforcing steel against chloride-induced corrosion in concrete-Particular consideration of 12% chromium steel
    Item type: Journal Article
    Boschmann Käthler, Carolina; Ebell, Gino; Kessler, Sylvia; et al. (2022)
    Materials and Corrosion
    The critical chloride content C-crit is an indicator of the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steels in concrete. In this article, several experimental methods for determining the critical chloride content C-crit of mild and alloyed (12% Cr) steel in cementitious materials are compared. The methods used include accelerated polarization tests and tests employing more natural (unpolarized) conditions in which chloride ingress occurs by diffusion and capillary uptake. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods are discussed, in particular, against the objective of reaching a compromise between applicability to practice and feasibility in laboratory testing.
  • Second-harmonic generation technique for in situ study of passive film formation on carbon steel surfaces in aqueous solutions
    Item type: Journal Article
    Martinelli-Orlando, Federico; Dénervaud, Eric; Grange, Rachel; et al. (2023)
    Materials and Corrosion
    The aim of this work was to revisit second-harmonic generation (SHG) as a technique for the in situ analysis of oxide film formation on steel samples immersed in aqueous solutions and during electrochemical experiments. The measurements were compared to active reflectance spectroscopy (ARS), which is a more established in situ spectroscopy technique. Carbon steel electrodes were subjected to polarization in pH neutral and mild-alkaline electrolytes to provoke the formation of passive films. In situ SHG measurements allowed monitoring of compositional changes in the formed film, as the SHG intensity increased in the domain of stability of Fe3O4 and decreased in the domain of stability of Fe2O3 during potentiodynamic polarization. ARS, on the other hand, is suitable to monitor film thickness. ARS absorption increased along with film growth when moving in the anodic direction during potentiodynamic polarization. During 30 min cathodic polarization at −0.9 VAg/AgCl sat. KCl in initially pH neutral the combination of SHG and ARS revealed the presence of an oxide film that was primarily composed of Fe3O4 and with a thickness up to 0.7 nm.
Publications 1 - 8 of 8