Journal: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

Abbreviation

IEEE trans. instrum. meas

Publisher

IEEE

Journal Volumes

ISSN

0018-9456
1557-9662

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Publications 1 - 10 of 32
  • Evaluation and Reduction of Calibration Residual Uncertainty in Load-Pull Measurements at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
    Item type: Journal Article
    Teppati, Valeria; Bolognesi, Colombo R. (2012)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
  • On the Dielectric Measurement of Thin Layers Using Open-Ended Coaxial Probes
    Item type: Journal Article
    Fallahi, Arya; Hashemizadeh, Sina; Kuster, Niels (2021)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
    Using an open-ended coaxial probe and a vector network analyzer (VNA) is a conventional technique for the noninvasive and broadband measurement of dielectric permittivity. The method is widely applied to characterize bulk material and liquids and has recently been extended to thin sheet material samples. However, it is commonly believed that the method is not suitable in the high-frequency regime as perfect contact between the probe and the sample is required. Furthermore, the method is limited with respect to the characterization of thin sheet samples made of low-loss materials. In this article, we analyzed the main causes of these limitations, namely, low sensitivity, probe resonances, and the occurrence of air gaps between probe and samples. We also discuss and demonstrate solutions to overcome some of these limitations and improve the accuracy by introducing a lossy platform and an effective air-gap calibration algorithm. These improvements lead to a reliable and robust framework to characterize thin and flat dielectric samples, even at high frequencies and in high-permittivity regimes.
  • Design and Performance Evaluation of an Ultralow-Power Smart IoT Device With Embedded TinyML for Asset Activity Monitoring
    Item type: Journal Article
    Giordano, Marco; Baumann, Nicolas; Crabolu, Michele; et al. (2022)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
    This article proposes a proof-of-concept device to continuously assess the usage of handheld power tools and detect construction working tasks (e.g., different drilling works) along with potential misusages, e.g., drops, with an energy-efficient architecture design. The designed device is based on Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and NFC connectivity. BLE is used to exchange data with a gateway, whereas NFC has been chosen as an energy-efficient wake-up mechanism. A temperature and humidity sensor is embedded to monitor storage conditions and an accelerometer for tool usage monitoring. The ARM Cortex-M4 core embedded in the BLE module is exploited to process the information at the edge. A Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) algorithm is proposed to process the data directly on board and achieve low latency and high energy efficiency. The TinyML algorithm has been developed embedded in the proposed device to detect four different usage classes (tool transportation, no-load, metal, and wood drilling). A dataset containing more than 280 min of three-axis accelerations during different activities has been acquired with the device attached to a construction rotary hammer drill and used to train and validate the algorithm. A neural architecture search has been performed to optimize the trade-off between accuracy and complexity, achieving an accuracy of 90.6% with a model size of roughly 30 kB. The experimental results showed an ultralow power consumption in sleep mode of 550 nA and a peak power consumption of 8 mA while running TinyML on the edge. This results in a balanced combination of edge processing capabilities and low power consumption, enabling to obtain a smart Internet of Things (IoT) device in the field with a long lifetime of up to four years in operation and 17 years in shelf mode with a standard 250-mAh coin battery. This work enables a long battery lifetime operation of device degradation and utility analysis, further closing the gap between edge processing and fine granularity data evaluation.
  • BDS-3/BDS-2 Combined Precise Clock Estimation and Time Transfer Using Ultrarapid Products
    Item type: Journal Article
    Ge, Yulong; Cao, Xinyun; Jiang, Chenhui; et al. (2024)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
    To provide high-precision timing services of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), this work performs a detailed investigation of integrated BDS-3 and BDS-2 real-time precise point positioning (PPP) time transfer with the ultrarapid products. Compared with the final precise clock products, the average standard deviation (STD) of estimated BDS-3 MEO/IGSO satellites is 0.1 ns, while the corresponding value of BDS-2 is 0.2 ns. The precision of real-time BDS-3/2 PPP time transfer can achieve better than 0.5 ns. The phenomenon of reconvergence and abnormal jumps in receiver clock series can be effectively reduced because of the evenly distributed MEO satellites.
  • Energy-Efficient PRBS Impedance Spectroscopy on a Digital Versatile Platform
    Item type: Journal Article
    Luciani, Giulia; Crescentini, Marco; Romani, Aldo; et al. (2021)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
    This article presents the digital design of a versatile and low-power broadband impedance spectroscopy (IS) system based on the pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) excitation. The PRBS technique allows fast and low-power estimation of the impedance spectrum over a wide bandwidth with adequate accuracy, proving to be a good candidate for portable medical devices, especially. This article covers the low-power design of the firmware algorithms and implements them on a versatile and reconfigurable digital platform that can be easily adjusted to the specific application. It will analyze the digital platform with the aim of reducing power consumption while maintaining adequate accuracy of the estimated spectrum. This article studies two main algorithms (time-domain and frequency-domain) used for PRBS-based IS and implements both of them on the ultralow- power GAP-8 digital platform. They are compared in terms of accuracy, measurement time, and power budget, while the general design tradeoffs are drawn out. The time-domain algorithm demonstrated the best accuracy, while the frequency-domain one contributes more to save power and energy. However, the analysis of the energy-per-error FOM revealed that the time-domain algorithm outperforms the frequency-domain algorithm, offering better accuracy for the same energy consumption. Numerical methods and microprocessor resources are exploited to optimize the implementation of both algorithms, achieving a 27-ms processing time, the power consumption of as low as 1.4 mW, and a minimum energy consumption per measurement of 0.5 mJ, for a dense impedance spectrum estimation of 214 points.
  • Traceable correction method for complex reflection coefficient using calculable air line impedance standards
    Item type: Journal Article
    Kossel, Marcel; Leuchtmann, Pascal; Rüfenacht, Jürg (2004)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
  • Piepser 2.0: A Self-Sustaining Smartwatch To Maximize The Paragliders Flytime
    Item type: Journal Article
    Baumann, Nicolas; Ganz, Michael; Magno, Michele (2020)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
  • Contactless Islanding Detection Method Using Electric Field Sensors
    Item type: Journal Article
    Chen, Kun-Long; Guo, Yi; Wang, Juncheng; et al. (2021)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
    An accurate and cost-effective islanding detection is in a great need for distributed generation (DG) integration. An onsite contactless islanding detection scheme is proposed in this article, based on a small number of tiny and portable electric field (EF) sensors. In contrast to the existing mainstream detection techniques, which are heavily depended on the instrument transformer measurement in substations, the proposed contactless scheme is able to be deployed on the ground below the overhead feeders, enabled by a compact EF sensor and the associated accurate frequency measurement algorithm. The effectiveness, robustness, efficiency, and security advantages of the proposed method are investigated and verified by the simulations using various feeder configurations. It is further supported by the laboratory experiments based on a scale-down overhead feeder testbed.
  • Three-axis teslameter with integrated hall probe
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Popovic, Dragana R.; Dimitrijevic, Sasa; Blagojevic, Marjan; et al. (2007)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
  • Galvanic Coupling Enabling Wireless Implant Communications
    Item type: Journal Article
    Wegmueller, Marc Simon; Huclova, Sonja; Fröhlich, Jürg; et al. (2009)
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
Publications 1 - 10 of 32