Applied Soil Ecology

Journal: Applied Soil Ecology

Abbreviation

Appl. soil ecol.

Publisher

Elsevier

ISSN

0929-1393
1873-0272

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Publications1 - 10 of 19

Earthworm Lumbricus terrestris mediated redistribution of C and N into large macroaggregate-occluded soil fractions in fine-textured no-till soils
Sheehy, Jatta; Nuutinen, Visa; Six, Johan; et al. (2019)
Applied Soil Ecology
Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics of ant mounds (Formica rufa group) in managed boreal forests of different successional stages
Kilpelainen, J.; Finer, L.; Niemela, P.; et al. (2007)
Applied Soil Ecology
Seasonal dynamics of nutrients and bacterial communities in unvegetated alpine glacier forefields
Lazzaro, A.; Brankatschk, R.; Zeyer, J. (2012)
Applied Soil Ecology
Elevated atmospheric CO2 affects the turnover of nitrogen in a European grassland
Sowerby, Alwyn; Blum, Herbert; Ball, Andrew S. (2005)
Applied Soil Ecology
Manufacturing triple-isotopically labeled microbial necromass to track C, N and P cycles in terrestrial ecosystems
Schmitt, Marius; Jarosch, Klaus A.; Hertel, Robert; et al. (2022)
Applied Soil Ecology
The functional relevance of microbial necromass in terrestrial biogeochemical cycles remains one of the unre-solved mysteries of element cycling in ecosystems, especially considering the high microbial abundance and turnover in soil. We therefore established a protocol to manufacture multi-isotope (C-14, N-15 and P-33) labeled microbial necromass to comprehensively track the turnover of microbial necromass elements within element cycles. This protocol encompasses the i) microbial cultivation of Pseudomonas kilonensis ACN4 (Gram-negative) and Bacillus licheniformis DSM13 (Gram-positive) on labeled minimal medium as well as fungal cultivation of Hypsizygus tessulatus on a complex yeast medium, ii) quantification of radio-(C-14, P-33) and stable (N-15) isotope incorporation as well their cellular pool partitioning, and iii) determination of element and tracer isotope uptake efficiency. We achieved 1 g of bacterial biomass per liter minimum medium within 24 h and 2.9 g l(-1) fungal biomass in complex medium within 18 d. This production rate enabled us to produce more than 100 g of nec-romass within only one half-life time of P-33, including post-harvest processing. Isotope uptake and incorporation for P-33 ranged from 10 to 73%, for N-15 from 24 to 52%, and for C-14 from 12 to 23%. Each of the cultivated species showed individual patterns of tracer element uptake. The nutritional value of the carbon-(C), nitrogen -(N) and phosphorus-(P) labeled microbial necromass was characterized by a water-based, necromass species-specific partitioning scheme with subsequent elemental analysis of the pools. We separated Gram-negative, Gram-positive and fungi's cellular pools to characterize element and tracer partitioning among dissolved versus particulate fractions. That is essential because these properties subsequently affect the respective pool's availability for ecosystem nutrition. Our procedure allows a defined production of microorganism-based nec-romass, enabling versatile use to determine necromass-related nutrient fluxes in terrestrial ecosystem studies.
Isotope ratio mass spectrometry identifies soil microbial biocontrol agents having trophic relations with the plant pathogen Armillaria mellea
Pellegrini, Alberto; Corneo, Paola Elisa; Camin, Federica; et al. (2013)
Applied Soil Ecology
Crop residue retention enhances soil properties and nitrogen cycling in smallholder maize systems of Chiapas, Mexico
Murphy, Ryan P.; Montes Molina, Joaquín A.; Govaerts, Bram; et al. (2016)
Applied Soil Ecology
Interacting management effects on soil microbial alpha and beta diversity in Swiss agricultural grassland
Richter, Franziska Julia; Conz, Rafaela Feola; Lüscher, Andreas; et al. (2024)
Applied Soil Ecology
Agriculturally managed grasslands are a major land-use type and crucial for global food production. Yet, degradation of grassland soils endangers both soil microbial diversity and food security, as they harbor diverse microbial life integral to ecosystem functioning and therefore ultimately also human wellbeing. Despite its functional significance, the impact of different aspects of grassland management on the soil microbiome remains insufficiently elucidated and limits our ability to maintain this invaluable and insufficiently explored biological resource. This study examined the interacting impacts of grassland management intensity, harvest type (grazing or mowing predominate), and production system (organic vs. non-organic) on soil microbial alpha and beta diversity (community structure) in the context of the local environment using a metabarcoding approach of ribosomal markers across 86 permanent grasslands in Switzerland. The local environment including soil prop erties and topographical variables explained more of the variance in fungal and prokaryotic diversity than management, which was still significantly related to most microbial diversity measures. Soil prokaryotic and fungal communities were strongly driven by management intensity, and especially in the case of fungal communities, harvest type played an important role – for alpha diversity in the form of an interaction between management intensity and harvest type, for beta diversity in the form of a main effect. Organic farming had only little direct influence on soil microbial communities. Taxa enriched in intensively managed and fertilized grasslands were typically linked to coprophilous and nitrogen-cycling guilds. Grazed grasslands were characterized by high copiotroph to oligotroph ratios. Because the most diverse soil microbiomes in permanent grasslands appear to be driven by management intensity interacting with harvest types, grasslands of differing management regimes are needed to sustain and promote soil microbial diversity at the landscape level.
Hotspot enlargement and shortening hot moments in the rhizosphere to acquire labile phosphorus from fungal necromass in response to warming effects
Thi Thu Hoang, Duyen; Feizi, Ali; Stelmach-Kardel, Viola; et al. (2024)
Applied Soil Ecology
Fungal necromass is a potential energy and nutrient source for microorganisms and plants, yet the elevated temperature accelerates turnover rate of this source while enhances plant nutrient demand. However, a critical question that remains inadequately addressed is whether fungal necromass can be utilized to offset the effects of warming on plant nutrient demand, helping to sustain plant growth in changing climates. In this study, two maize varieties, including a wild-type and root-hair-defective rth3 mutant, were grown in phosphorus (P) deficient soil at temperatures of 20 °C and 30 °C to detect the mechanisms driving the fungal necromass turnover under warming effects and plant root genotypes. By applying in situ zymography, we observed that the percentage of hotspot area in the rhizosphere increases by 65–82 % with a 10 °C temperature rise. However, when fungal necromass was introduced to the soil, the hotspot percentage at 20 °C was 44–116 % higher compared to 30 °C. Additionally, the addition of necromass significantly enlarged the hotspot percentage as compared to zero necromass treatment, particularly at 20 °C. The shorter turnover time of soil organic matter (SOM) at 30 °C compared to 20 °C, following the addition of fungal necromass, clearly indicated that the combined effects of warming and added necromass-derived C and P compounds accelerated SOM decomposition. The formation of a fish-bone root structure in the maize mutant could be a compensatory strategy in response to the absence of root hairs under warming conditions. These fish-bone roots potentially enhanced the acquisition of labile C and P from the added fungal necromass. Furthermore, the unchanged Km but increased Vmax in necromass-treated soil under 30 °C suggested that microorganisms allocate their energy resources to synthesizing more enzymes rather than increasing enzyme efficiency in response to warming stress. Overall, as an easily decomposed substances, fungal necromass mediates the response of the dynamic interactions between plants and microorganisms to rising temperature by enlarging the hotspot percentage by 88 % but shortening duration of organic matter decomposition up to 125 %. Therefore, these processes can be considered as the adaptation of agro-ecosystems to global warming.
Wheat plants invest more in mycorrhizae and receive more benefits from them under adverse than favorable soil conditions
Aghili, Forough; Jansa, Jan; Khoshgoftarmanesh, Amir H.; et al. (2014)
Applied Soil Ecology

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