Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Journal: Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Abbreviation

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

Publisher

Wiley

ISSN

1097-4628
0021-8995

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Publications1 - 10 of 22

Erratum: Investigation of design parameters in generating antifouling and lubricating surfaces using hydrophilic polymer brushes
Pidhatika, Bidhari; Nalam, Prathima C. (2019)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Direct bonding and de-bonding on demand of polystyrene and polyamide surfaces, treated with oxygen plasma
Günther, Roman; Caseri, Walter R.; Brändli, Christof (2022)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Smooth polystyrene (PS) and polyamide 12 (PA 12) surfaces were produced via an injection molding process followed by a smoothing process and subsequently treated with O-2 plasma to increase the number of polar groups capable of hydrogen bond formation on the surface. The presence of related groups was evident from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements. The sample topographies were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The plasma treatment allowed the joining of the substrates without adhesive by pressing the substrates together below or around the glass transition temperature. Notably, not only substrates of the same polymer but also PS and PA 12, which are incompatible, were joined with this method. The adhesion between the substrates was determined using a LUMifrac apparatus. The adhesion strength increased with increasing bonding temperature and when both substrates were plasma-treated, reaching adhesive strengths up to 5.5 +/- 1.7 MPa. Remarkably, the joint substrates could be rapidly de-bonded on demand simply by treatment with water, and the separated substrates could be re-bonded by renewed plasma treatment.
Influence of the nanofiber dimensions on the properties of nanocellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) aerogels
Mueller, Silvana; Sapkota, Janak; Nicharat, Apiradee; et al. (2015)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
The investigation of aerogels made from cellulose nanofibers and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) as a polymeric binder is reported. Aerogels based on different nanocellulose types were studied to investigate the influence of the nanocellulose dimensions and their rigidity on the morphology and mechanical properties of the resulting aerogels. Thus, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with low (10), medium (25), and high (80) aspect ratios, isolated from cotton, banana plants, and tunicates, respectively, microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were dispersed in aqueous PVOH solutions and aerogels were prepared by freeze‐drying. In addition to the cellulose type, the PVOH‐ and the CNC‐concentration as well as the freeze‐drying conditions were varied, and the materials were optionally cross‐linked by an annealing step or the use of a chemical cross‐linker. The data reveal that at low PVOH content, rigid, high‐aspect ratio CNCs isolated from tunicates afford aerogels that show the least amount of shrinking upon freeze‐drying and display the best mechanical properties. However, with increasing concentration of PVOH or upon introduction of a chemical cross‐linker the differences between materials made from different nanocellulose types decrease. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41740.
O₂ permeability of additively manufactured silicone membranes
Gort, Marcel; Morlec, Elodie; Gwerder, Damian; et al. (2023)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Silicone is already widely used in biomedical applications thanks to its outstanding properties. Now additive manufacturing (AM) of silicone can achieve submillimeter details and is offered by SpectroPlast AG as a service. AM of silicone is particularly interesting for designs with complex internal structures such as bioreactors or oxygenators where oxygen permeability is important. Therefore, the oxygen permeability of additively manufactured silicone membranes made from TrueSil (SpectroPlast AG) is studied. Measurements are performed with two membrane thicknesses (0.5 and 0.8 mm) and four different Shore hardnesses (20A, 35A, 50A, and 60A) at 15, 20, and 25°C. The oxygen increase due to diffusion through the membrane is recorded In a cup sealed by the membrane. The oxygen permeability decreases with increasing Shore hardness. TrueSil 20A is comparable to ELASTOSIL® Film (Wacker Chemie AG) in terms of oxygen permeability. However, there is a percentage difference of approximately 27% between the measured permeability of ELASTOSIL® and the data from the supplier. Membrane thickness does not affect permeability, but the Shore hardness affects the thickness. Membranes with Shore hardness 20A or 35A are manufactured over 0.1 mm thicker than designed, while for Shore hardness 50A and 60A the deviation from the design is less than 0.04 mm.
Characterization of radiation grafted polymer films using CP/MAS spectroscopy and confocal Raman microscopy
Wallasch, Frank; Abele, Matthias; Gubler, Lorenz; et al. (2012)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Preirradiated poly(tetrafluoroethylene‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) base film were grafted with different amounts of an α‐methylstyrene (AMS) and methacrylonitrile (MAN) copolymer. The molar ratio of AMS and MAN in the grafted polymer was determined using ¹³C‐ CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy and compared with the molar ratio determined with FTIR spectroscopy. The distribution of the components across the thickness of the grafted films was determined using confocal Raman microscopy. The validation of the confocal Raman microscopy was performed with FEP films grafted with MAN only, where pronounced grafting fronts were observed. The local degree of grafting for AMS/MAN co‐grafted FEP films was calculated for each sample based on the intensity profiles, taking the mass of the grafted polymer and its molar ratio into account. The grafting of the AMS/MAN co‐grafted films was found to be homogeneous over the thickness, even in case of small amounts of the copolymer (15 mass%). The homogeneity of the grafting across the film thickness is a prerequisite to obtain sufficient proton conductivity after sulfonation of the radiation‐grafted films. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Investigation of design parameters in generating antifouling and lubricating surfaces using hydrophilic polymer brushes
Pidhatika, Bidhari; Nalam, Prathima C. (2019)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Long‐term stability of hydrophilic surface coatings that prevent fouling, cell adhesion and present a lubricious interface for biomaterials has been widely investigated in recent years. As an alternative to the gold standard poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(2‐oxazoline)‐based coatings are promising due to their higher stability against oxidative degradation in comparison to PEG. In this study, we compare the antifouling and tribological properties of PEG and poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PMOXA) brush structures as a function of structural design parameters such as grafting density, chain length, and the monomer solubility. Brush properties such as hydration (number of H₂O molecules per monomer), shear modulus, and serum adsorption as a function of design parameters were estimated using optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance/dissipation techniques. At high monomer surface densities, PMOXA showed approximately three times higher structurally associated H₂O molecules per monomer in comparison to PEG brushes, leading to stiffer PMOXA brushes. We found that the chain stiffening of PMOXA brushes lead to higher macroscopic coefficients of friction; however presented similar adsorbed serum mass (high antifouling properties) when compared to PEG brushes. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47659.
A Library of Tunable Agarose Carbomer-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications
Rossi, Filippo; Perale, Giuseppe; Storti, Giuseppe; et al. (2012)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Microstructural model for the plasticity of amorphous solids
Hütter, M.; Breemen, L. C. A. van (2012)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Thermal properties of proton-conducting radiation-grafted membranes
Guersel, Selmiye Alkan; Schneider, Julian; Ben Youcef, Hicharn; et al. (2008)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Proton‐exchange membranes are required to exhibit chemical, mechanical, and thermal stability for fuel cell applications. The present investigation has been carried out to explore the thermal behavior of poly(ethylene‐alt‐tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE)‐based proton‐conducting membranes, both uncrosslinked and crosslinked, prepared by radiation grafting and subsequent sulfonation. The influence of preparation steps (irradiation, grafting, sulfonation, crosslinking) on the thermal degradation, crystallinity, and melting behavior of membranes with varying degree of grafting was examined. ETFE base film and grafted films were studied as the reference materials. Furthermore, poly(tetrafluoroethylene‐co‐hexafluoropropylene)‐based grafted films and membranes were investigated as well for comparison. Membrane preparation steps, degree of grafting, crosslinking, type of base polymer have considerable influence on the thermal properties of membranes. The crystallinity of the films decreases slightly by grafting, while a significant decrease was observed after sulfonation. For instance, crystallinity decreased from 37% (pristine ETFE) to 36% (uncrosslinked grafted film) and 23% (uncrosslinked ETFE‐based membrane). On the other hand, the melting temperature of the base polymer was almost unaffected by irradiation and grafting. The crosslinked ETFE‐based membranes exhibit a slightly higher melting temperature (262.5°C) than their corresponding grafted films (261.3°C) and the base film (260.6°C). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Influence of the Filler Material on the Thermal Stability of One-Compoent Moisture-Curing Polyurethane Adhesives
Clauss, Sebastian; Dijkstra,Dirk J.; Gabriel, Joseph; et al. (2012)
Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Filler materials are part and parcel for the adjustment of adhesives, in particular, their rheological and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the thermal stability of adhesives can be positively influenced by the addition of an expedient filler, with inorganic types common practice in most cases. In this study, one‐component moisture‐curing polyurethane adhesives for engineered wood products based on isocyanate prepolymers with different polymer‐filled polyether polyols were investigated with regard to the filler's potential to increase the thermal stability of bonded wood joints. The property changes due to the addition of fillers were determined by means of mechanical tests on bonded wood joints and on pure adhesive films at different temperatures up to 200°C. Additional analyses by atomic force and environmental scanning electron microscopy advanced the understanding of the effects of the filler. The tested organic fillers, styrene acrylonitrile, a polyurea dispersion, and polyamide, caused increases in the cohesive strength and stiffness over the whole temperature range. However, the selected filler type was hardly important with regard to the tensile shear strength of the bonded wood joints at high temperatures, although the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the adhesive films differed over a wide range. Prepolymers with a lower initial strength and stiffness resulted in worse cohesion, in particular, at high temperatures. This disadvantage, however, could be compensated by means of the filler material. Ultimately, the addition of filler material resulted in optimized adhesive properties only in a well‐balanced combination with the prepolymer used. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

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