Journal: Transportation Research Procedia

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Publisher

Elsevier

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ISSN

2352-1465

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2014 - 2019212020 - 20253
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Publications 1 - 10 of 24
  • Assessing the effect of route information on network observability applied to sensor location problems
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Rinaldi, Marco; Corman, Francesco; Viti, Francesco (2015)
    Transportation Research Procedia
    Link flow observability in traffic networks strongly relies on where sensors are installed. Full observability solutions are found by adopting various techniques exploiting existing relationships between links, which are determined either by using link-node relations, or by link-route relations. While the first relations are elegant as they do not require explicit route enumeration and therefore remain tractable for large-sized networks, they do not contain all the information at the route and OD levels. However, in case full route enumeration is not possible, route selection criteria are of paramount importance. In this paper we explore the impact of using k-shortest path algorithms for determining the route sets needed to solve the observability problems using link-route relations. In particular, we show how a limited amount of routes per OD pair is needed in order to incorporate all relevant information. Further, we demonstrate that selection route criteria that consider only linearly independent routes allows to find full observability solutions that need a lower number of sensors. Finally, we show that observability metrics, such as those presented in Viti et al. (2014), describe a direct relation between number of routes considered and degree of information. Through these metrics, we can show that link-route relations selected using only linearly independent links contains systematically more information. Moreover, there is empirical evidence that the marginal increment of information per additional route added decreases. This defines an asymptotic maximum value of information, which is found for a relatively limited amount of routes.
  • Scalable HPC enhanced agent based system for simulating mixed mode evacuation of large urban areas
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Wijerathne, Lalith; Petprakob, Wasuwat; Aguilar Melgar, Leonel; et al. (2018)
    Transportation Research Procedia
    This short paper presents an HPC enhanced Agent Based Model (ABM) developed with the aim of quantitatively estimating the strategies for accelerating emergency mass evacuations, like tsunami evacuation. In order to facilitate inclusion of various influencing factors, such as localized congestion, multi-modes, pedestrian vehicle interactions, fallen debris from damaged buildings, visibility, etc., which demand detailed models, the developed system includes a 1mx1m resolution model of environment, and agents capable of perceiving and autonomously interact with this high resolution environment and visible agents. In order to meet the computational demand of large scale simulations with complex agents, a scalable high performance extension was implemented. Short introductions to the agent based model and the HPC extension are presented in this paper. In order to demonstrate the scalability of the system, both in problem size and computational capability, a 588 km2 region with 10 million agents is simulated in K computer. It is demonstrated that the system has high strong scalability up to 2048 computing nodes, which is equivalent to 16,384 CPU cores.
  • On development of arterial fundamental diagrams based on surrogate density measures from adaptive traffic control systems utilizing stop-line detection
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Dakic, Igor; Stevanovic, Aleksandar (2017)
    Transportation Research Procedia
  • Providing Bus Priority at Signalized Intersections with Single-lane Approaches
    Item type: Journal Article
    Guler, S. Ilgin; Gayah, Vikash V.; Menendez, Monica (2015)
    Transportation Research Procedia
  • Route Choice Analysis in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Using a Link-based Recursive Logit Model Featuring Link Awareness
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Kaneko, Noriko; Oka, Hideki; Chikaraishi, Makoto; et al. (2018)
    Transportation Research Procedia
    Identification of an appropriate route choice model to understand travel behavior remains challenging. To this end, Fosgerau et al. (2013) have recently developed a link-based route choice model termed the “recursive logit” (RL) model. A decision-maker is assumed to choose the next link recursively that maximizes the sum of instantaneous utility and expected downstream utility at each node. However, in practical application, some computational issues remain, including large (and often ill-defined) matrix inversions. Here, we develop an alternative RL model that considers the probability of awareness of the next link that improves the stability of model estimations. The model was estimated using vehicle trajectory data from the ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) 2.0 dataset of the Tokyo Metropolitan area, and the results were compared to those of a conventional RL model in terms of predictive accuracy and computational efficiency.
  • Analytical evaluation of flexible sharing strategies on multi-modal arterials
    Item type: Conference Paper
    He, Haitao; Menendez, Monica; Guler, S. Ilgin (2017)
    Transportation Research Procedia
  • Single Wagonload Production Schemes Improvements Using GüterSim (Agent-based Simulation Tool)
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Mancera, Albert; Bruckmann, Dirk; Weidmann, Ulrich (2015)
    Transportation Research Procedia
  • Comparison of Travel Diaries Generated from Smartphone Data and Dedicated GPS Devices
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Montini, Lara; Prost, Sebastian; Schrammel, Johann; et al. (2015)
    Transportation Research Procedia
  • A parking-state-based transition matrix of traffic on urban networks
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Cao, Jin; Menendez, Monica (2015)
    Transportation Research Procedia
    The urban parking and the urban traffic systems are essential components of the overall urban transportation structure. The short- term interactions between these two systems can be highly significant and influential to their individual performance. The urban parking system, for example, can affect the searching-for-parking traffic, influencing not only overall travel speeds in the network (traffic performance), but also total driven distance (environmental conditions). In turn, the traffic performance can also affect the time drivers spend searching for parking, and ultimately, parking usage. In this study, we propose a methodology to model macroscopically such interactions and evaluate their effects on urban congestion. The model is built on a transition matrix describing how, over time, vehicles in an urban area transition from one parking-related state to another. With this model it is possible to estimate, based on the traffic and parking demand as well as the parking supply, the amount of vehicles searching for parking, the amount of vehicles driving on the network but not searching for parking, and the amount of vehicles parked at any given time. More importantly, it is also possible to estimate the total (or average) time spent and distance driven within each of these states. Based on that, the model can be used to design and evaluate different parking policies, to improve (or optimize) the performance of both systems. A simple numerical example is provided to show possible applications of this type. Parking policies such as increasing parking supply or shortening the maximum parking duration allowed (i.e., time controls) are tested, and their effects on traffic are estimated. The preliminary results show that time control policies can alleviate the parking-caused traffic issues without the need for providing additional parking facilities. Results also show that parking policies that intend to reduce traffic delay may, at the same time, increase the driven distance and cause negative externalities. Hence, caution must be exercised and multiple traffic metrics should be evaluated before selecting these policies. Overall, this paper shows how a parking-state-based transition matrix, despite its simplicity, can be used to efficiently evaluate the urban traffic and parking systems macroscopically. The proposed model can be used to estimate both, how parking availability can affect traffic performance (e.g., average time searching for parking, number of cars searching for parking); and how different traffic conditions (e.g., travel speed, density in the system) can affect drivers ability to find parking. Moreover, the proposed model can be used to study multiple strategies or scenarios for traffic operations and control, transportation planning, land use planning, or parking management and operations.
  • Explaining socially motivated travel with social network analysis
    Item type: Journal Article
    Guidon, Sergio; Wicki, Michael; Bernauer, Thomas; et al. (2018)
    Transportation Research Procedia
    It has been hypothesized that a crucial factor to understand and explain socially motivated leisure travel is understanding the spatial distribution of individuals’ contacts. Still, only little is known about their actual link. Egocentric social network analysis (SNA) allows one to gather data about where and with whom individuals undertake their social activities. SNA therefore provides a way to study socially motivated leisure travel. This paper presents a data collection effort in the canton of Zürich, Switzerland, which combines a mobility survey with a name generator and interpreter to gather information about individuals’ egocentric social networks. A higher number of contacts leads to a higher response burden, which in turn increases item non-response. Subjects with low income and education generally name fewer contacts. With regards to travel behavior, the frequency of face-to-face meetings decreases sharply with distance to the residential location of contacts and face-to-face meetings are generally not substituted by other modes of communication (although increased usage of video chat is observed at long distances). Distance to social contacts is, therefore, an important factor in social leisure travel.
Publications 1 - 10 of 24