Martina Bozzola

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Bozzola

First Name

Martina

ORCID

0000-0002-0078-842X

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Publications 1 - 7 of 7

A Ricardian analysis of the impact of climate change on Italian agriculture
Bozzola, Martina; Massetti, Emanuele; Mendelsohn, Robert; et al. (2018)
European Review of Agricultural Economics
This research investigates the potential impact of warming on Italian agriculture. Using a detailed dataset of 16,000 farms across Italy, the study examines likely warming impacts in different regions and for different sectors of Italian agriculture. The study finds that farm net revenues are very sensitive to seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation. Livestock and crop farms have different responses to climate as do rainfed farms and irrigated crop farms. The overall results suggest mild consequences from marginal changes in climate but increasingly harmful effects from more severe climate scenarios.
Measuring Farmer Risk Preferences in Europe: A Systematic Review
Iyer, Poorvi; Bozzola, Martina; Hirsch, Stefan; et al. (2020)
Journal of Agricultural Economics
Are pesticides risk decreasing? The relevance of pesticide indicator choice in empirical analysis
Möhring, Niklas; Bozzola, Martina; Hirsch, Stefan; et al. (2020)
Agricultural Economics
The reduction of adverse health and environmental effects from pesticide use is currently a top priority on the agricultural policy agenda. Efficient pesticide policies must take into account farmers’ application behavior, especially effects of pesticide use on economic risk. However, previous results regarding the direction of risk effects of pesticides are ambiguous. We show that the ambiguity in earlier studies could be due to the pesticide indicator selected. Indicators which fail to account for the heterogeneous properties of pesticides may be inapt for interpreting farmers’ pesticide use decisions. Our analysis, based on a rich panel dataset of Swiss wheat producers with highly detailed information on pesticide use, considers different pesticide indicators and multiple sources of uncertainty. Our key finding is that indicator choice affects the magnitude and sign of estimated risk effects. Estimates of pesticide productivity and risk effects are significantly higher for fungicides, and even reversed for herbicides when we measure pesticide use in simple quantity units (kilogram per hectare) - compared to the quality and intensity corrected Load Index. This means for example, that farmers will ceteris paribus use lower quantities of herbicides, but will increase the overall toxicity of the products applied with increasing risk aversion. We discuss implications of our findings for the design of pesticide policies and agricultural risk management instruments.
Stability of risk attitude, agricultural policies and production shocks: evidence from Italy
Bozzola, Martina; Finger, Robert (2021)
European Review of Agricultural Economics
This article investigates the stability of farmers' risk attitude over time. To this end, we estimate responses to changes in agricultural policies and production shocks. We use a unique panel data of over 36,000 Italian farms specialised in cereals, during the period 1989-2009. We find evidence of risk preference changes over time in response to changes in the European Union Common Agricultural Policy and possibly after a drought-induced production shock.
Mapping potential implications of temporary COVID‐19 export bans for the food supply in importing countries using precrisis trade flows
Koppenberg, Maximilian; Bozzola, Martina; Dalhaus, Tobias; et al. (2021)
Agribusiness
Despite pleas from international organizations, governments and trade economists to refrain from imposing trade‐distorting measures, over 20 countries have implemented bans on the export of agri‐food products since the onset of the COVID‐19 crisis. These export prohibitions might adversely impact food security and disrupt well‐established global supply chains. We identify importing countries that could potentially be affected by the imposed export bans using a measure of their import dependency during the pre‐pandemic period to illustrate our results on global trade maps. We find that many importers rely on just one country for a significant share of the overall domestic supply of a particular commodity.
Climate, shocks, weather and maize intensification decisions in rural Kenya
Bozzola, Martina; Smale, Melinda; Di Falco, Salvatore (2018)
Agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa. Food Security in a Changing Environment
This chapter distinguishes the effects of climatic shocks (droughts), weather (during one year) and climate normals (long-term average weather conditions) on Kenyan smallholder farmers' decisions to intensify maize production, measured as the share of maize area per farm allocated to hybrid seeds. We also ask how such intensification affects the vulnerability of expected crop income, crop income variability and downside risk. We find that maize intensification is strongly affected by weather, climate shocks and climate normals. We also find that maize intensification has a positive effect on expected crop income but no significant effect on crop income variability or downside risk. Moreover, relying on a higher proportion of hybrid seed use, which is negatively associated with persistent climatic shocks, is not enough to statistically significantly reduce the likelihood that crop income falls below a given threshold (downside risk). Importantly, cropping system decisions are related to longer-term investment choices, while decisions on specific hybrid types are annual decisions. Thus, maize intensification alone is not an effective strategy. Further, our results suggest that farmers are not adapting optimally to climate change. Suboptimal choices might reflect market failures, such as credit constraints, poor access to input and output markets, and information asymmetries. Our results also suggest that rising population density provides incentives to shift toward more intensive farming systems. Finally, we find trade-offs between nonfarm employment and crop income. Our findings lead us to recommend that the government of Kenya play an active role in encouraging smallholder adaptation to changing climate patterns and climate shocks. Smallholders need better access not only to hybrid seeds and other inputs through decentralized, competitive markets but also to effective, widely diffused market information services and other insurance mechanisms.
The Risk Effects Of Pesticides - Evidence From Swiss Wheat Production
Möhring, Niklas; Bozzola, Martina; Hirsch, Stefan; et al. (2017)

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Martina Bozzola

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