Laurenz Kulmer


Last Name

Kulmer

First Name

Laurenz

ORCID

0000-0001-9414-6497

Organisational unit

03974 - Leuthold, Juerg / Leuthold, Juerg

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2020 - 202663
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Publications1 - 10 of 63
  • All-Plasmonic sub-Terahertz Wireless Link
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Kulmer, Laurenz; Blatter, Tobias; Zuerrer, Amane; et al. (2025)
    Technical Digest Series ~ Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2025
    We offer a highest bandwidth, low-footprint, scalable and low-cost solution for sub-THz wireless communication links. We employ a plasmonic-graphene approach. The solution is tested for transmission of 120 Gbit/s at a carrier-frequency of 285 GHz.
  • Electro-Optic Frequency Response of Thin-Film Barium Titanate (BTO) from 20 to 270 GHz
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Chelladurai, Daniel; Kohli, Manuel; Horst, Yannik Matthias Julius; et al. (2022)
    OSA Technical Digest ~ European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC) 2022
    The electro-optical frequency response of thin-film barium titanate (BTO) has been characterized in hybrid plasmonic-photonic phase shifters across the spectral range from 20 to 270 GHz. A flat frequency response was found.
  • Electro-Optic Frequency Response of Thin-Film Barium Titanate (BTO) from 20 to 270 GHz
    Item type: Conference Poster
    Chelladurai, Daniel; Kohli, Manuel; Horst, Yannik Matthias Julius; et al. (2022)
  • Plasmonic Modulators for Future High-Capacity Space Communication
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Kulmer, Laurenz; Horst, Yannik Matthias Julius; Blatter, Tobias; et al. (2024)
    Technical Digest Series ~ Frontiers in Optics + Laser Science 2024 (FiO, LS)
    Over a 53km turbulent free-space optical link we have shown data transmission up to 424Gbit/s. These results were enabled by plasmonic modulators offering bandwidths above 100GHz and were extended up to 774Gbit/s in fiber experiments.
  • Pockels Coefficients in Thin-Film Barium Titanate and Lithium Niobate up to 300 GHz
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Chelladurai, Daniel; Kohli, Manuel; Horst, Yannik Matthias Julius; et al. (2023)
    Technical Digest Series ~ Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2023
    The Pockels coefficients in thin-film barium titanate (BTO) and lithium niobate (LN) have been measured for modulating frequencies up to 300 GHz. BTO’s effective nonlinearity is ~10 times larger than LN’s with a small frequency dependence
  • A quantum walk comb source at telecommunication wavelengths
    Item type: Journal Article
    Marzban, Bahareh; Miller, Lucius; Dikopoltsev, Alex; et al. (2026)
    Nature Photonics
    Optical frequency combs consist of evenly spaced single frequencies that are phase-locked to one another and are highly effective in applications such as optical spectroscopy, remote sensing and telecommunications. Integrated optical frequency combs hold great promise for a broader range of consumer technologies but face challenges in terms of stability, efficiency and controllability. Here we demonstrate a quantum walk comb in synthetic frequency space formed by externally modulating a semiconductor optical amplifier operating in the telecommunication wavelength range in a unidirectional ring cavity. Although interband active regions were generally considered to exhibit slow-gain dynamics, we show that the ultra-fast intraband component of the gain saturation is responsible for the stabilization of the comb in a broad frequency-modulated state. Compared with quantum walk combs previously demonstrated using a quantum cascade laser, our device benefits from the low thresholds associated with interband emission and demonstrates a wallplug efficiency of up to 6%. Our device produces a nearly flat broadband comb with a tunable repetition frequency reaching a bandwidth of 1.8 THz at the fundamental repetition rate of 1 GHz while remaining fully locked to the radio frequency drive. Comb operation at harmonics of the repetition rate up to 14.1 GHz is also demonstrated.
  • All-plasmonic sub-terahertz wireless communication link
    Item type: Journal Article
    Blatter, Tobias; Koepfli, Stefan M.; Zuerrer, Amane; et al. (2025)
    Nature Communications
    A promising approach to increase wireless capacity is the transition to sub-Terahertz carrier frequencies (0.1–0.3 THz). While traditional high-frequency approaches employ III-V semiconductor technologies, plasmonics is emerging as a potential solution for highest-speed components. In this paper, we introduce an all-plasmonic sub-THz wireless link, utilizing compact (<50 µm²) plasmonic components that exhibit a flat frequency response up to 300 GHz while providing full flexibility in carrier frequency selection. The plasmonic approach offers unprecedented integration potential, compatibility with diverse platforms, and scalable, cost-effective fabrication. To demonstrate its capabilities, we conduct a lab experiment transmitting 120 Gbit/s on a 285 GHz carrier across a 5 m free-space link, validating the system’s linear performance and large power dynamic range. While this first demonstration is constrained in transmission distance, it showcases the transformative potential of plasmonic technology in closing the wireless-optical data-rate bottleneck: The proposed plasmonic converters could provide the capacity expansion needed for future 5G, 6G, and beyond wireless networks, paving the way for high-speed, cost-effective, and scalable sub-THz communications.
  • High-speed graphene-based sub-terahertz receivers enabling wireless communications for 6G and beyond
    Item type: Journal Article
    Soundarapandian, Karuppasamy Pandian; Castilla, Sebastián; Koepfli, Stefan M.; et al. (2026)
    Nature Communications
    Wireless data traffic has grown at an unprecedented rate, creating an urgent need for innovative solutions to overcome current technological limitations. Sub-terahertz (sub-THz) carrier frequencies offer increased capacity and low attenuation for short-range wireless applications. Here, we demonstrate sub-THz receivers based on graphene, which offer several advantages over state-of-the-art sub-THz receivers, such as a direct detection scheme, passive operation, and compactness. We exploit multiple concepts incorporated into a single device, including a high-quality sub-THz cavity placed in the vicinity of a high-mobility graphene channel to overcome its intrinsically low absorption. The graphene receivers achieve a multigigabit-per-second data rate with a maximum distance of similar to 3 m from the transmitter. We demonstrate a trade-off between bandwidth and responsivity: a setup-limited 40 GHz bandwidth in low-responsivity devices, and a maximum responsivity of 0.16 A/W in devices with a 2 GHz bandwidth. Our findings enable applications such as chip-to-chip communication and close-proximity device-to-device communication.
  • Single Carrier net 400 Gbit/s IM/DD over 400 m Fiber enabled by Plasmonic Mach-Zehnder Modulator
    Item type: Conference Paper
    Kulmer, Laurenz; Blatter, Tobias; Kohli, Manuel; et al. (2024)
    Technical Digest Series ~ Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2024
    We demonstrate a 437.1Gbit/s IM/DD link by employing a 178GBd PAM8 signal encoded by a plasmonic MZM. Symbol rates of up to 256GBd and transmission over 400m while maintaining net-rates of >400Gbit/s are successfully demonstrated.
  • Wideband Type-II GaInAsSb/InP Uni-Traveling Carrier Photodiodes for Near 300 Gbps Communications
    Item type: Journal Article
    Chaudhary, Rimjhim; Arabhavi, Akshay M.; Kulmer, Laurenz; et al. (2024)
    Journal of Lightwave Technology
    We report the wideband performance of uniform Type-II GaInAsSb/InP UTC-PDs for optical data communications near 300 Gbps. A wide bandwidth of >110 GHz is achieved for a device area of 50 μm ² . In signal transmission measurements, the present UTC-PDs show a low Bit-Error Rate (BER) and a high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of more than 18 dB at data rates as high as 288 Gbps (96 GBd, PAM-8) without post-amplification electronics. The work demonstrates the suitability of GaInAsSb/InP UTC-PDs for optical data transmission at bit rates approaching 300 Gbps.
Publications1 - 10 of 63