Carlo Virgilio Cauzzi

Last Name

Cauzzi

First Name

Carlo Virgilio

ORCID

0000-0003-2033-4537

Organisational unit

02818 - Schweiz. Erdbebendienst (SED) / Swiss Seismological Service (SED)

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Publications 1 - 10 of 50

Facilitating Multi-Disciplinary Research via Integrated Access to the Seismological Data & Product Services of EPOS Seismology
Haslinger, Florian; Ottemöller, Lars; Cauzzi, Carlo Virgilio; et al. (2022)
EGUsphere
The European Plate Observing System EPOS is the single coordinated framework for solid Earth science data, products and services on a European level. As one of the science domain structures within EPOS, EPOS Seismology brings together the three large European infrastructures in seismology: ORFEUS for seismic waveform data & related products, EMSC for parametric earthquake information, and EFEHR for seismic hazard and risk information. Across these three pillars, EPOS Seismology provides services to store, discover and access seismological data and products from raw waveforms to elaborated hazard and risk assessment. ORFEUS, EMSC and EFEHR are community initiatives / infrastructures that each have their own history, structure, membership, governance and established mode of work (including data sharing and distribution practices), developed in parts over decades. While many institutions and individuals are engaged in more than one of these initiatives, overall the active membership is quite distinct. Also, each of the initiatives has different connections to and interactions with other international organisations. Common to all is the adoption and promotion of recognized international standards for data, products and services originating from wider community organisations (e.g. FDSN, IASPEI, GEM), and the active participation in developing those further or creating new ones together with the community. In this presentation we will briefly review the history and development of the three initiatives and discuss how we set up EPOS Seismology as a joint coordination framework within EPOS. We will highlight issues encountered on the way and those that we are still trying to solve in our attempt to create and operate a coordinated research infrastructure that appropriately serves the needs of today’s scientific community. Among those issues is also the ‘timeliness’ of data and products: while a number of services offer almost-real-time access to newly available information at least in theory, this comes with various downstream implications that are currently actively discussed. We also cover the envisaged role of EPOS Seismology in supporting international multi-disciplinary activities that require and benefit from harmonized, open, and interoperable data, products, services and facilities from the waveform, catalogue and hazard / risk domains of seismology.
Realtime Selection of Optimal Source Parameters Using Ground Motion Envelopes
Jozinovic, Dario; Clinton, John Francis; Massin, Frédérick; et al. (2024)
Seismica
It is increasingly common for seismic networks to operate multiple independent automatic algorithms to characterise earthquakes in real-time, such as in earthquake early warning (EEW) or even standard network practice. Commonly used methods to select the best solution at a given time are simple and use ad hoc rules. An absolute measure of how well a solution (event origin and magnitude) matches the observations by the goodness-of-fit between the observed and predicted envelopes is a robust and independent metric to select optimal solutions. We propose such a measure that is calculated as a combination of amplitude and cross-correlation fit. This metric can be used to determine when a preferred solution reaches an appropriate confidence level for alerting, or indeed to compare two (or more) different event characterisations directly. We demonstrate that our approach can also be used to suppress false alarms commonly seen at seismic networks. Tests using the 10 largest earthquakes in Switzerland between 2013 and 2020, and events that caused false alarms demonstrate that our approach can effectively prefer solutions with small errors in location and magnitude, and can clearly identify and discard false origins or incorrect magnitudes, at all time scales, starting with the first event characterisation.
Extending ERM-CH23 to shallow induced seismicity in Switzerland
Grigoratos, Iason; Bergamo, Paolo; Cauzzi, Carlo Virgilio; et al. (2025)
The risks from induced seismicity remain a persistent and complex issue that needs to be managed. Appropriate modeling of these risks is essential in order to facilitate both the permitting process of certain energy-production projects and the acquisition of insurance against potential losses. For Switzerland, the most relevant causal factors of induced seismicity are likely hydraulic stimulations for Enhanced Geothermal Systems and fluid disposal for storage. The earthquakes that these activities might trigger are expected to be quite shallow, of mostly small to moderate magnitude. Their nucleation mechanism might also differ, compared to tectonic events. Thus, their source characteristics and the attenuation of their ground motion might be partly incompatible with the modeling assumptions adopted by the national Earthquake Hazard Model of Switzerland (SUIhaz2015; Wiemer et al., 2016; Papadopoulos et al., 2024a). This report investigated these issues, as well as, the possibility that the fragility models of the Earthquake Risk Model of Switzerland (ERM-CH23; Wiemer et al., 2023) might warrant modifications for similar reasons.. The results of these investigations highlighted the need to adjust some aspects of the risk model to render it suitable for (shallow) induced seismicity in Switzerland. In the end, new recommendations were made regarding the minimum and maximum magnitude, two new intensity measures were added to the vulnerability models, while major changes were made to the ground shaking branching level. The latter is now magnitude-dependent, only includes spectral acceleration models and was tilted towards lower stress-parameter values. A ready to use version of the updated risk model, called Induced Earthquake Risk Model of Switzerland (IERM-CH25), is now available. Finally, risk calculations, including sensitivity analyses, were conducted for certain scenario earthquakes at selected sites.
Coordinating Access to Seismic Waveform Data in Europe: Overview of ORFEUS Activities, Services and Products
Cauzzi, Carlo Virgilio; Bieńkowski, Jarek; Crawford, Wayne; et al. (2022)
EGUsphere
ORFEUS (Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology, http://orfeus-eu.org/) is a non-profit organization founded in 1986 with the chief goal to promote seismology in the Euro-Mediterranean area through the collection, archival and distribution of seismic waveform data, metadata, and closely related services and products. ORFEUS also supports the coordination and implementation of large scale community initiatives and experiments in observational seismology, and provides community support through software and travel grants, editorial initiatives and training activities. ORFEUS data and services are collected or developed at national level by more than 60 contributing Institutions (see https://orfeus-eu.org/organization/corporate_founders/ and https://orfeus-eu.org/organization/participation/) in the greater European region, and further developed, integrated, standardized, homogenized and promoted through ORFEUS. Within EPOS, ORFEUS represents the seismological waveform services as one of three sub-domains of EPOS Seismology. ORFEUS data and services are open, FAIR, and accompanied by clear policies and licensing information. Two Service Management Committees (SMCs) are established within ORFEUS, devoted to managing, operating and developing (with the support of one or more Infrastructure Development Groups): (i) the European Integrated waveform Data Archive (EIDA; https://www.orfeus-eu.org/data/eida/); and (ii) the European Strong-Motion databases (SM; https://www.orfeus-eu.org/data/strong/). A new SMC is being formed to represent the community of European mobile instrument pools, including also amphibian instrumentation. Products and services for computational seismologists are also possible candidates for integration in the ORFEUS domain. Overall, ORFEUS services currently provide access to waveforms acquired by ~ 16,000 stations, including dense temporary experiments, with strong emphasis on open, high-quality data. Contributing to ORFEUS data archives means benefitting from long-term archival, state-of-the-art quality control, improved access, increased usage, and community participation. Access to data and products is ensured through state-of-the-art information and communication technologies, with strong emphasis on web services that allow automated user access to data gathered and/or distributed by the various ORFEUS institutions (see https://orfeus-eu.org/data/eida/webservices/ and https://esm-db.eu/#/data_and_services/web_services). Particular attention is paid to acknowledging the crucial role played by data providers, who are part of the ORFEUS community. ORFEUS strongly encourages the use of international network codes, seismic network digital object identifiers, and full network citations. All ORFEUS services are developed in coordination with EPOS and are largely integrated in the EPOS Data Access Portal (https://www.ics-c.epos-eu.org/). Documentation on ORFEUS data and services is provided on the ORFEUS website and is complemented by a large archive of ORFEUS community workshops and seminars / webinars (https://orfeus-eu.org/other/workshops/). ORFEUS data and services are assessed and improved with the help of technical and scientific feedback from a User Advisory Group (UAG), which comprises European Earth scientists with expertise on a broad range of observational seismology topics. ORFEUS is a key participant in EC-funded projects and collaborates with global and international organizations with similar scope, like the FDSN (https://fdsn.org/), IRIS (https://www.iris.edu/), and COSMOS (https://strongmotion.org/).
Towards a dynamic earthquake risk framework for Switzerland
Böse, Maren; Danciu, Laurentiu; Papadopoulos, Athanasios N.; et al. (2024)
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Scientists from different disciplines at ETH Zurich are developing a dynamic, harmonised, and user-centred earthquake risk framework for Switzerland, relying on a continuously evolving earthquake catalogue generated by the Swiss Seismological Service (SED) using the national seismic networks. This framework uses all available information to assess seismic risk at various stages and facilitates widespread dissemination and communication of the resulting information. Earthquake risk products and services include operational earthquake (loss) forecasting (OE(L)F), earthquake early warning (EEW), ShakeMaps, rapid impact assessment (RIA), structural health monitoring (SHM), and recovery and rebuilding efforts (RRE). Standardisation of products and workflows across various applications is essential for achieving broad adoption, universal recognition, and maximum synergies. In the Swiss dynamic earthquake risk framework, the harmonisation of products into seamless solutions that access the same databases, workflows, and software is a crucial component. A user-centred approach utilising quantitative and qualitative social science tools like online surveys and focus groups is a significant innovation featured in all products and services. Here we report on the key considerations and developments of the framework and its components. This paper may serve as a reference guide for other countries wishing to establish similar services for seismic risk reduction.
Advancements in ShakeMap-EU: Building a European seismological service through research and capacity building
Faenza, Licia; Cauzzi, Carlo Virgilio; Michelini, Alberto; et al. (2023)
XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
We present the status of ShakeMap-EU, an initiative initially proposed in 2018 to: (i) provide an integrated archive of ShakeMaps at the European level built on EPOS Seismology (www.epos-eu.org/tcs/seismology) services & data products and modern community software; (ii) serve as a backup to authoritative ShakeMap implementations; (iii) deliver ShakeMaps for regions where no local capability is yet available.ShakeMap-EU is accessible at the shakemapeu.ingv.it web portal since 2020, and is jointly governed by participating institutions through voluntary contributions and EC-funded projects. It has become a reliable European seismological service, integrating authoritative models and workflows consistently. The system is based on: (a) the latest version of ShakeMap®; (b) the earthquake information delivered by the EMSC (www.emsc-csem.org); (c) the earthquake shaking data distributed by ORFEUS (orfeus-eu.org/data/strong); (d) the ground motion models adopted within EFEHR (www.efehr.org) for mapping seismic hazard across Europe; (d) the official ShakeMap configurations of some of the most hazardous countries in Europe. Configuration of, and input to the system are managed via a GitHub repository that allows automatic/manual triggering and interaction by authorized users. ShakeMap-EU provides a collaboration framework and laboratory for seismological agencies to address the challenges posed by the heterogeneity of ground-shaking mapping strategies across Europe and the need to promote homogenization and best practices in this domain. ShakeMap-EU is used in research projects as the test platform for novel international collaborative research: among recent examples are the ongoing enhancements towards an evolutionary hazard information system including real-time seismicity characterization and information on earthquake-induced phenomena.
ShakeMap-EU: an update on the shakemap service in Europe
Michelini, Alberto; Faenza, Licia; Cauzzi, Carlo Virgilio; et al. (2023)
EGUsphere
Preface to the Focus Section on European Seismic Networks and Associated Services and Products
Cauzzi, Carlo Virgilio; Custodio, Susana; Evangelidis, Christos P.; et al. (2021)
Seismological Research Letters
Updated predictive equations for broadband (0.01–10 s) horizontal response spectra and peak ground motions, based on a global dataset of digital acceleration records
Cauzzi, Carlo Virgilio; Faccioli, Ezio; Vanini, Manuela; et al. (2015)
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Presented herein is an updated model for empirical prediction of 5 %-damped elastic response spectra in the period range 0–10 s, peak ground acceleration and velocity, based on a global dataset of digital acceleration records. The predictive model features saturation of the shaking parameters with both magnitude 𝑀𝑊 and distance 𝑅𝑅𝑈𝑃, magnitude-dependent distance attenuation, alternative parameterisations of the amplification effects due to local site conditions (based either on ground types or 𝑉𝑆,30) and corrective terms for style-of-faulting. The calibration dataset comprises more than 1,880×2 orthogonal horizontal accelerometer records with 𝑅𝑅𝑈𝑃<150 km from 98 global earthquakes with 4.5≤𝑀𝑊≤7.9. The processing technique applied to the acceleration data optimises the reliability of the predictions at long periods, as required by displacement-based design techniques. Developed independently of the recent NGA-West2 and RESORCE-based models, the new predictive tool effectively contributes to capturing the epistemic uncertainties associated with the prediction of seismic shaking levels for engineering applications.
The November 2017 Mw 5.5 Pohang earthquake: A possible case of induced seismicity in South Korea
Grigoli, Francesco; Rinaldi, Antonio Pio; Manconi, Andrea; et al. (2018)
Science

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