Petra Schmid


Last Name

Schmid

First Name

Petra

ORCID

0000-0002-9990-5445

Organisational unit

Filters

2010 - 2019672020 - 202426
Reset filters

Search Results

Publications 1 - 10 of 93
  • When sea creatures take over: Low-power participants are more distracted by an unfinished goal than high-power participants
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Straub, Leila; Schmid, Petra (2018)
    Psychologie gestaltet: 51. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs) - Abstracts
  • Social power increases neural efficiency
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Lin, Enru; Freydefont, Laure; Schmid, Petra (2018)
  • The effort investment theory of power
    Item type: Journal Article
    Schmid, Petra (2022)
    Journal of Applied Social Psychology
    The powerful are often more successful in pursuing their goals, as shown in many studies. Does this mean that the powerful try harder? Current theories on power do not provide a clear answer to this question. Based on recent findings in the power literature and integrating theories from motivation psychology and neuroscience, the present paper presents the effort investment theory of power. The effort investment theory proposes that power determines the investment of effort following a resource conservation principle; that is, power affects people's evaluation of a goal in terms of its importance and feasibility, and based on their evaluation, they mobilize effort. Importantly, the theory also considers a time perspective. It highlights the role of experiences during the process of pursuing a goal (i.e., facing signals of success and failure) as well as previous experiences (i.e., performing a different task/goal before) in the power effect on effort investment, and argues that such experiences affect individuals' judgments of importance and feasibility. Finally, the theory discusses possible consequences of the power effect on effort investment for performance and efficiency. The relevance of these propositions for theory and practice are discussed, as well as ideas for future research.
  • Between Conspiracy Beliefs, Ingroup Bias, and System Justification: How People Use Defense Strategies to Cope With the Threat of COVID-19
    Item type: Journal Article
    Jutzi, Chiara A.; Willardt, Robin; Schmid, Petra; et al. (2020)
    Frontiers in Psychology
    The current situation around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) portrays a threat to us in several ways: It imposes uncertainty and a lack of control and reminds us of our own mortality. People around the world have reacted to these threats in seemingly unrelated ways: From stockpiling yeast and toilet paper to favoring nationalist ideas or endorsing conspiratorial beliefs. According to the General Process Model of Threat and Defense, the confrontation with a threat – a discrepant experience – makes humans react with both proximal and distal threat responses. While the proximal response manifests in behavioral inhibition that leads to heightened anxious arousal and vigilance, distal responses seek to lower behavioral inhibition and the associated state of anxiety and vigilance through engaging in distal defenses. In the present research, we propose that the reactions to COVID-19 may represent distal defense strategies to the pandemic and, therefore, can be explained and forecasted by the model. Thus, we hypothesized increased perceived COVID-19 threat to lead to a proximal threat response in the form of heightened behavioral inhibition. This, in return, should enhance the use of distal defenses (i.e., several ingroup biases, system justification, and conspiratorial beliefs) overlapping with the reactions observed as a response to COVID-19. This hypothesized mediated effect of increased perceived COVID-19 threat on distal defenses was tested in two preregistered studies: In Study 1 (N = 358), results showed perceived COVID-19 threat to be related to behavioral inhibition and, in turn, to be associated with increased distal defenses (i.e., higher entitativity, control restoration motivation, passive party support). In Study 2 (N = 348), we manipulated COVID-19 threat salience and found results suggesting the distal defenses of ingroup entitativity, system justification, and conspiratorial beliefs to be mediated by the proximal threat response. The results of the present research hint toward a common mechanism through which the seemingly unrelated reactions to COVID-19 can be explained. The results might help to predict future behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and to design measures to counteract the detrimental effects of the pandemic.
  • Power increases individuals’ drive to pursue rewards in the brain
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Lin, Enru; Schmid, Petra (2019)
  • Power enhances self-control by turning conflict into goal-directed action
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Schmid, Petra; Kleiman, Tali; Amodio, David M. (2016)
  • Happy with a difference, unhappy with an identity: Observers’ mood determines processing depth in visual search
    Item type: Journal Article
    Grubert, Anna; Schmid, Petra; Krummenacher, Joseph (2013)
    Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics
  • How power shapes performance and anxiety under evaluative contexts: the moderating role of social class
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Crouzevialle, Marie; Schmid, Petra (2019)
  • Micro-foundations of ambidexterity: effects of Psychological Power
    Item type: Other Conference Item
    Crouzevialle, Marie; Ercel Özdil, Ece; Laureiro-Martinez, Daniella; et al. (2022)
Publications 1 - 10 of 93