The clean plan: analysing sanitation planning in India using the CWIS planning framework
OPEN ACCESS
Loading...
Author / Producer
Date
2021-11-01
Publication Type
Journal Article
ETH Bibliography
yes
Citations
Altmetric
OPEN ACCESS
Data
Rights / License
Abstract
Sanitation in India has received national attention for over a decade, especially with the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) making it a political priority. However, due to the lack of appropriate sanitation planning practices, there have been little long-term gains made in urban sanitation beyond the ending of open defaecation. In this paper, we analyse the key barriers to sanitation planning, in India, in the context of the emerging paradigm of Citywide Inclusive Sanitation (CWIS). A mixed method approach of shit flow diagrams, social network analysis, policy analysis, interviews and workshops at the national, state (2) and city (4) levels was conducted. Eight factors were identified as important barriers for planning including inadequate planning capacities, lack of ownership of city sanitation plans among city governments, poor community involvement, absence of a uniform planning framework, unreliable political and financial support, overlapping jurisdictions, and scheme-based funding. The paper also proposes the CWIS Planning Framework which offers a perspective at overcoming these barriers with the recommendation of bridging top-down and bottom-up planning approaches. While there is increasingly more clarity on what CWIS means, there is little understanding on how to plan for it. Therefore, this framework provides the theoretical basis for planning with the CWIS approach.
Permanent link
Publication status
published
External links
Editor
Book title
Volume
11 (6)
Pages / Article No.
1036 - 1047
Publisher
International Water Association
Event
Edition / version
Methods
Software
Geographic location
Date collected
Date created
Subject
Citywide Inclusive Sanitation; CWIS planning framework; India; sanitation planning; Swachh Bharat Mission
Organisational unit
03989 - Maurer, Max / Maurer, Max