Swimming behavior of downstream moving fish at innovative curved-bar rack bypass systems for fish protection at water intakes
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Date
2020-11-19
Publication Type
Journal Article
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yes
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Abstract
New types of fish guidance structures with vertical curved bars and a subsequent bypass system represent a promising technical solution for the protection and guidance of downstream moving fish at run-of-river hydropower plants and water intakes. These so-called “curved-bar rack bypass systems” (CBR-BSs) function as a mechanical behavioral barrier and are characterized by low hydraulic losses, a symmetrical downstream flow field and an overall high fish guidance efficiency in the laboratory for a wide array of European freshwater fish species. This paper presents the results of the hydraulic and live-fish laboratory tests of an optimized CBR-BS configuration with a bar spacing of 50 mm and 30° rack angle to the flow direction. The tests were conducted with six different fish species in an ethohydraulic laboratory flume at different approach flows (0.5 m/s, 0.7 m/s) and different bypass entrance velocities (0.6–1.0 m/s). A numerical model was used to simulate the flow fields in the CBR-BS in order to link the fish behavior to the hydrodynamic cues created by the CBR-BS. Lower approach flow velocities decreased the hydraulic cues of the CBR, which led to more rack passages. A 20% velocity increase towards the bypass entrance significantly increased the fish guidance efficiency compared to a 40% velocity increase. The tested CBR-BS resulted in overall higher interspecies fish protection and guidance efficiencies compared to the more commonly applied horizontal-bar rack with a narrow bar spacing of 20 mm. Recommendations for a sustainable and cost-effective application of CBR-BSs are given.
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published
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Journal / series
Volume
12 (11)
Pages / Article No.
3244
Publisher
MDPI
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Edition / version
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Software
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Date collected
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Subject
Downstream fish migration; Movement ecology; Fish guidance structure; Fish passage; Fish behavior; Curved-bar rack; Bypass system; Ethohydraulics
Organisational unit
03820 - Boes, Robert / Boes, Robert
Notes
Funding
727830 - Fishfriendly Innovative Technologies for Hydropower (SBFI)