Air path of antimicrobial resistance related genes from layer farms: Emission inventory, atmospheric transport, and human exposure
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Date
2022-05-15
Publication Type
Journal Article
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yes
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Abstract
Animal husbandry is a significant contributor to increased environmental antimicrobial resistance (AMR), but little is known regarding the dissemination of AMR from animal farms via airborne transmission. Here, we connected the air path of AMR related genes tailored to layer poultry farms from source of escape to end of sedimentation. The emission inventories of 8 AMR related genes from all 163-layer poultry farms around Beijing city were quantified. We developed the atmospheric transport model with a gene degradation module to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of airborne AMR, and also assessed their corresponding regional exposure and sedimentation. Total emissions of 16 S rDNA and AMR related genes from layer houses ranged from 1015 to 1016 copies year−1. Those layer-sourced genes contributed 1–14.6% of antimicrobial resistant genes, 4.9% of Staphylococcus spp. and 2.2% of CintI1 to the corresponding annual genetic burden of Beijing's urban air. The average exposure of the Beijing residents to layer-sourced airborne 16 S rDNA was 1.39 × 104 copies year−1 person−1, approximately 87% of them would be deposited in the upper respiratory tract. The findings highlight that air medium represents an important dissemination pathway of animal-sourced genes to AMR burden in humans and environment.
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published
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Journal / series
Volume
430
Pages / Article No.
128417
Publisher
Elsevier
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Edition / version
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Subject
Airborne antimicrobial resistance; Animal husbandry; Atmospheric transport model; Population exposure
Organisational unit
03887 - Wang, Jing / Wang, Jing
Notes
Funding
189880 - Emission quantification, transport modelling and risk evaluation of airborne antibiotic resistance genes from key sources in Zürich and Beijing (SNF)