Extreme stratospheric wave activity as harbingers of cold events over North America


Date

2023-05-27

Publication Type

Journal Article

ETH Bibliography

yes

Citations

Altmetric

Data

Abstract

Extreme cold events over North America such as the February 2021 cold wave have been suggested to be linked to stratospheric polar vortex stretching. However, it is not resolved how robustly and on which timescales the stratosphere contributes to the surface anomalies. Here we introduce a simple measure of stratospheric wave activity for reanalyses and model outputs. In contrast to the well-known surface influences of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) that increase the intraseasonal persistence of weather regimes, we show that extreme stratospheric wave events are accompanied by intraseasonal fluctuations between warm and cold spells over North America in observations and climate models. Particularly, strong stratospheric wave events are followed by an increased risk of cold extremes over North America 5–25 days later. Idealized simulations in an atmospheric model with a well-resolved stratosphere corroborate that strong stratospheric wave activity precedes North American cold spells through vertical wave coupling. These findings potentially benefit the predictability of high-impact winter cold extremes over North America.

Publication status

published

Editor

Book title

Volume

4 (1)

Pages / Article No.

187

Publisher

Springer

Event

Edition / version

Methods

Software

Geographic location

Date collected

Date created

Subject

Organisational unit

09612 - Domeisen, Daniela / Domeisen, Daniela check_circle

Notes

Funding

198896 - Remote Drivers of Extreme Temperature Events (SNF)

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