The value of CO2-Bulk energy storage with wind in transmission-constrained electric power systems
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Date
2021-01-15
Publication Type
Journal Article
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yes
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Abstract
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission infrastructure can transmit electricity from regions with high-quality variable wind and solar resources to those with high electricity demand. In these situations, bulk energy storage (BES) could beneficially increase the utilization of HVDC transmission capacity. Here, we investigate that benefit for an emerging BES approach that uses geologically stored CO2 and sedimentary basin geothermal resources to time-shift variable electricity production. For a realistic case study of a 1 GW wind farm in Eastern Wyoming selling electricity to Los Angeles, California (U.S.A.), our results suggest that a generic CO2-BES design can increase the utilization of the HVDC transmission capacity, thereby increasing total revenue across combinations of electricity prices, wind conditions, and geothermal heat depletion. The CO2-BES facility could extract geothermal heat, dispatch geothermally generated electricity, and time-shift wind-generated electricity. With CO2-BES, total revenue always increases and the optimal HVDC transmission capacity increases in some combinations. To be profitable, the facility needs a modest $7.78/tCO2 to $10.20/tCO2, because its cost exceeds the increase in revenue. This last result highlights the need for further research to understand how to design a CO2-BES facility that is tailored to the geologic setting and its intended role in the energy system. (© 2020 Elsevier Ltd ).
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published
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Journal / series
Volume
228
Pages / Article No.
113548
Publisher
Elsevier
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Subject
Energy storage; Carbon dioxide capture; utilization; and storage; High-voltage direct current transmission; Wind energy; Geothermal energy; Renewable energy
Organisational unit
09494 - Saar, Martin O. / Saar, Martin O.