Snapshot on 3D printing with alternative binders and materials: Earth, geopolymers, gypsum and low carbon concrete
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Date
2024-11
Publication Type
Journal Article
ETH Bibliography
yes
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Abstract
The rapid development of 3D concrete printing now offers mechanical efficiency and freedom to push the limits of construction design. The digital manufacturing process holds potential for reducing carbon footprints through design optimization. Printable concrete, which is a mix of cement (based on ordinary Portland cement), aggregates, and admixtures, is attractive due to widespread and cost-effective constituents. However, many common formulations omit gravel, requiring higher cement paste volumes and inducing significant embodied carbon. Assessing the potential of low-carbon cements like Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), calcium aluminate cement (CAC), or magnesium-based cement for 3D printing is a current challenge that can address this issue. Tailoring these construction materials to printing applications and environmental needs now drives scientific exploration. This paper comprehensively reviews alternative materials and binders such as earthen materials, geopolymers, low carbon binders or gypsum-based materials, addressing fresh and hardened properties, developed digital processes, targeted applications, and discussing advantages and drawbacks of each alternative.
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Publication status
published
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Book title
Journal / series
Volume
185
Pages / Article No.
107651
Publisher
Elsevier
Event
Edition / version
Methods
Software
Geographic location
Date collected
Date created
Subject
3D printing; Earthen materials; Geopolymers; Gypsum; Low carbon cements
Organisational unit
03891 - Flatt, Robert J. / Flatt, Robert J.
02284 - NFS Digitale Fabrikation / NCCR Digital Fabrication