Human Stem Cell Resources Are an Inroad to Neandertal DNA Functions


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Date

2020-07-14

Publication Type

Journal Article

ETH Bibliography

yes

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Abstract

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from diverse humans offer the potential to study human functional variation in controlled culture environments. A portion of this variation originates from an ancient admixture between modern humans and Neandertals, which introduced alleles that left a phenotypic legacy on individual humans today. Here, we show that a large iPSC repository harbors extensive Neandertal DNA, including alleles that contribute to human phenotypes and diseases, encode hundreds of amino acid changes, and alter gene expression in specific tissues. We provide a database of the inferred introgressed Neandertal alleles for each individual iPSC line, together with the annotation of the predicted functional variants. We also show that transcriptomic data from organoids generated from iPSCs can be used to track Neandertal-derived RNA over developmental processes. Human iPSC resources provide an opportunity to experimentally explore Neandertal DNA function and its contribution to present-day phenotypes, and potentially study Neandertal traits.

Publication status

published

Editor

Book title

Volume

15 (1)

Pages / Article No.

214 - 225

Publisher

Cell Press

Event

Edition / version

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Date collected

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Subject

Induced pluripotent stem cells; Neandertal genomics; Cerebral organoids; archaic introgression; Single-cell transcriptomics

Organisational unit

09485 - Treutlein, Barbara / Treutlein, Barbara check_circle

Notes

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