Same data, different results? Machine learning approaches in bioacoustics
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Author / Producer
Date
2025-08
Publication Type
Review Article
ETH Bibliography
yes
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Abstract
Automated acoustic analysis is increasingly used in behavioural ecology, and determining caller identity is a key element for many investigations. However, variability in feature extraction and classification methods limits the comparability of results across species and studies, constraining conclusions we can draw about the ecology and evolution of the groups under study. We investigated the impact of using different feature extraction (spectro-temporal measurements, linear and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), as well as highly comparative time-series analysis) and classification methods (discriminant function analysis, neural networks, random forests (RF), and support vector machines) on the consistency of caller identity classification accuracy across 16 mammalian datasets. We found that MFCCs and RFs yield consistently reliable results across datasets, facilitating a standardised approach across species that generates directly comparable data. These findings remained consistent across vocalisation sample sizes and number of individuals considered. We offer guidelines for processing and analysing mammalian vocalisations, fostering greater comparability and advancing our understanding of the evolutionary significance of acoustic communication in diverse mammalian species.
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Publication status
published
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Book title
Journal / series
Volume
16 (8)
Pages / Article No.
1574 - 1586
Publisher
Wiley
Event
Edition / version
Methods
Software
Geographic location
Date collected
Date created
Subject
bioacoustics; call distinctiveness; individual identification; machine learning; method comparison; review; vocal communication