Mechanical factors contributing to the Venus flytrap's rate-dependent response to stimuli
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Date
2021-12
Publication Type
Journal Article
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yes
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Abstract
The sensory hairs of the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) detect mechanical stimuli imparted by their prey and fire bursts of electrical signals called action potentials (APs). APs are elicited when the hairs are sufficiently stimulated and two consecutive APs can trigger closure of the trap. Earlier experiments have identified thresholds for the relevant stimulus parameters, namely the angular displacement theta and angular velocity omega. However, these experiments could not trace the deformation of the trigger hair's sensory cells, which are known to transduce the mechanical stimulus. To understand the kinematics at the cellular level, we investigate the role of two relevant mechanical phenomena: viscoelasticity and intercellular fluid transport using a multi-scale numerical model of the sensory hair. We hypothesize that the combined influence of these two phenomena and omega contribute to the flytrap's rate-dependent response to stimuli. In this study, we firstly perform sustained deflection tests on the hair to estimate the viscoelastic material properties of the tissue. Thereafter, through simulations of hair deflection tests at different loading rates, we were able to establish a multi-scale kinematic link between omega and the cell wall stretch delta. Furthermore, we find that the rate at which delta evolves during a stimulus is also proportional to omega. This suggests that mechanosensitive ion channels, expected to be stretch-activated and localized in the plasma membrane of the sensory cells, could be additionally sensitive to the rate at which stretch is applied.
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published
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Journal / series
Volume
20 (6)
Pages / Article No.
2287 - 2297
Publisher
Springer
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Date collected
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Subject
Dionaea muscipula; Venus flytrap; Mechanotransduction; Multi-scale modelling; Ion channels; Sensory hair
Organisational unit
03917 - Burgert, Ingo / Burgert, Ingo
03627 - Nelson, Bradley J. / Nelson, Bradley J.
Notes
Funding
166110 - Mechanical Basis for the Convergent Evolution of Sensory Hairs in Animals and Plants (SNF)