Strain-specific galactose utilization by commensal E. coli mitigates Salmonella establishment in the gut


Date

2025-06

Publication Type

Journal Article

ETH Bibliography

yes

Citations

Altmetric

Data

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm) is a major cause of gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. To date, options for prevention or curative therapy remain limited. The gut microbiota plays a protective role against enteric diseases, particularly in preventing establishment and proliferation of S. Tm. While most research has focused on microbiota-mediated pathogen exclusion during the later, inflammation-dominated stages of infection, little is known about how microbiota members mitigate S. Tm early gut colonization. To address this gap, we conducted 24 h in vivo competitive experiments using S. Tm and different commensal E. coli strains. We observed a significant reduction in pathogen load, which was strain-specific and particularly evident with E. coli 8178. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we performed an in vivo screen using a rationally designed S. Tm library—which includes a wide range of carbohydrate utilization mutants—both in the absence and presence of E. coli strains. Our findings revealed that E. coli 8178-mediated S. Tm competition was driven by the exploitation of galactose during the early stage of infection. Identifying galactose as a key metabolite in pathogen exclusion by gut microbiota members enhances our mechanistic understanding of microbiota-mediated protection and opens new avenues for developing microbiota- and dietary-based strategies to better control intestinal infections.

Publication status

published

Editor

Book title

Volume

21 (6)

Pages / Article No.

Publisher

PLOS

Event

Edition / version

Methods

Software

Geographic location

Date collected

Date created

Subject

Organisational unit

03589 - Hardt, Wolf-Dietrich / Hardt, Wolf-Dietrich check_circle

Notes

Funding

192567 - Mechanisms controlling the Salmonella Typhimurium gut infection (SNF)
-225148 - NCCR Microbiomes in phase II (SNF)
-180575 - NCCR Microbiomes SNF (SNF)

Related publications and datasets