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On the energy decomposition in variational phase-field models for brittle fracture under multi-axial stress states
(2024)International Journal of FracturePhase-field models of brittle fracture are typically endowed with a decomposition of the elastic strain energy density in order to realistically describe fracture under multi-axial stress states. In this contri bution, we identify the essential requirements for this decomposition to correctly describe both nucleation and propagation of cracks. Discussing the evolution of the elastic domains in the strain and stress spaces as damage evolves, ...Journal Article -
Visions for our future regional electricity system: Citizen preferences in four EU countries
(2024)iScienceAs climate targets tighten, all countries must transition toward a renewable electricity system, but conflicts about generation and infrastructure deployment impede transition progress. Although the triggers of opposition are well studied, what people want remains understudied. We survey citizen preferences for a renewable electricity future through a conjoint analysis among 4,103 individuals in Denmark, Portugal, Poland, and Germany. ...Journal Article -
Light Color-Controlled pH-Adjustment of Aqueous Solutions Using Engineered Proteoliposomes
(2024)Advanced ScienceControlling the pH at the microliter scale can be useful for applications in research, medicine, and industry, and therefore represents a valuable application for synthetic biology and microfluidics. The presented vesicular system translates light of different colors into specific pH changes in the surrounding solution. It works with the two light-driven proton pumps bacteriorhodopsin and blue light-absorbing proteorhodopsin Med12, that ...Journal Article -
Prophage maintenance is determined by environment-dependent selective sweeps rather than mutational availability
(2024)Current BiologyProphages, viral sequences integrated into bacterial genomes, can be beneficial and costly. Despite the risk of prophage activation and subsequent bacterial death, active prophages are present in most bacterial genomes. However, our understanding of the selective forces that maintain prophages in bacterial populations is limited. Combining experimental evolution with stochastic modeling, we show that prophage maintenance and loss are ...Journal Article -
A highly optimized human in vitro translation system
(2024)Cell Reports MethodsIn vitro translation is an important method for studying fundamental aspects of co- and post-translational gene regulation, as well as for protein expression in the laboratory and on an industrial scale. Here, by re-examining and improving a human in vitro translation system (HITS), we were able to develop a minimal system where only four components are needed to supplement human cell lysates. Functional characterization of our improved ...Journal Article -
Asymmetry in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b***
(2024)Astronomy & AstrophysicsContext. WASP-76 b has been a recurrent subject of study since the detection of a signature in high-resolution transit spectroscopy data indicating an asymmetry between the two limbs of the planet. The existence of this asymmetric signature has been confirmed by multiple studies, but its physical origin is still under debate. In addition, it contrasts with the absence of asymmetry reported in the infrared (IR) phase curve. Aims. We provide ...Journal Article -
PNAS publication
(2024)Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaJournal Article -
Search for the lepton flavor violating τ → 3μ decay in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV
(2024)Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy PhysicsA search for the lepton flavor violating τ→3μ decay is performed using proton-proton collision events at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2017–2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 97.7 fb−1. Tau leptons produced in both heavy-flavor hadron and W boson decays are exploited in the analysis. No evidence for the decay is observed. The results of this search are combined with an ...Journal Article -
Scaling energy system optimizations: Techno-economic assessment of energy autonomy in 11 000 German municipalities
(2024)Energy Conversion and ManagementIncreasing energy autonomy is one of the main reasons for municipalities to invest in renewable energy technologies. In this study, the potential of weather-robust autonomous energy systems is evaluated for 11 003 German municipalities in over one million parallelized techno-economic optimizations utilizing high-performance computing clusters. For this purpose, a holistic municipal-level energy system model (ETHOS.FineRegions) was developed ...Journal Article -
Laser fragmentation of a high-entropy oxide for enhanced photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>) conversion and hydrogen (H<inf>2</inf>) production
(2024)Advanced Powder TechnologyHigh entropy oxides (HEOs) have recently emerged as potential candidates for photocatalytic CO2 conversion and H2 production driven by their high structural stability and diversified elemental compositions. However, their practical use in photocatalysis is still limited particularly due to their comparatively small light absorbance and low active surface area. In this study, CO2 conversion and H2 production of an HEO TiZrHfNbTaO11 ...Journal Article