Noninvasive Deep Brain Stimulation via Temporally Interfering Electric Fields

Open access
Date
2017-06-01Type
- Journal Article
Citations
Cited 328 times in
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Cited 352 times in
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Abstract
We report a noninvasive strategy for electrically stimulating neurons at depth. By delivering to the brain multiple electric fields at frequencies too high to recruit neural firing, but which differ by a frequency within the dynamic range of neural firing, we can electrically stimulate neurons throughout a region where interference between the multiple fields results in a prominent electric field envelope modulated at the difference frequency. We validated this temporal interference (TI) concept via modeling and physics experiments, and verified that neurons in the living mouse brain could follow the electric field envelope. We demonstrate the utility of TI stimulation by stimulating neurons in the hippocampus of living mice without recruiting neurons of the overlying cortex. Finally, we show that by altering the currents delivered to a set of immobile electrodes, we can steerably evoke different motor patterns in living mice. Show more
Permanent link
https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000191791Publication status
publishedExternal links
Journal / series
CellVolume
Pages / Article No.
Publisher
ElsevierMore
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Citations
Cited 328 times in
Web of Science
Cited 352 times in
Scopus
ETH Bibliography
yes
Altmetrics