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High-speed rail in Europe
(2023)High-speed rail is often welcomed as a mean of increasing the attractiveness of the rail system. Contrary to the expectations, ex-post and ex-ante cost-benefit analyses for major existing and planned high-speed rail (HSR) lines in Europe show that most of the lines underperform socioeconomically. While this underperformance is often due to cost overruns as well as demand overestimations, the fact is that HSR requires (very) high demand ...Report -
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Software Supply Chain Attacks
(2023)CSS Cyberdefense ReportsMost elements constituting modern life, from the economy to social habits, are now characterized by using digital technologies and the consumption of goods and services that depend on complex, interconnected, transnational, and, at times, vulnerable, supply chains. Critical dependencies and heightened (cyber) threats combined with strategic competitiveness are increasingly turning the issue of supply chain security into matters of national ...Report -
Designing a small-scale screw press for blackwater dewatering
(2023)Over one third of the global population is not connected to a sewage system. Many low- and middle-income economy countries do not rely on infrastructure for centralised wastewater solutions. This results in blackwater being untreated, which leads to an increased public and environmental risk. As a solution in these often densely populated urban areas, cost-effective off-grid and decentralised systems seem to be an auspicious option. Most ...Report -
Firm Heterogeneity, Industry Dynamics and Climate Policy
(2023)Economics Working Paper SeriesWe develop a dynamic general equilibrium model to quantify the interaction between climate policy, industry dynamics, and the elasticity of substitution between clean and dirty energy in the economy. The model incorporates empirical observations that firms differ substantially in their potential for energy substitution and that the economy is growing more capable of substituting clean for dirty energy over time as environmental regulation ...Working Paper -
How Regulation Might Fail to Reduce Energy Consumption While Still Stimulating Total Factor Productivity Growth
(2023)Economics Working Paper SeriesThis paper evaluates the impact of a policy that was implemented to reduce the energy intensity of firms in some manufacturing sectors in India, on the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of firms and on its components, scale efficiency and technical change. Using plant-level panel data on the cement industry from 2007-2015 and a difference-in-difference methodology, we find that treated plants had higher rates of TFP growth, compared ...Working Paper