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dc.contributor.author
Kayanan, David R.
dc.contributor.author
Fonseca, Jimeno A.
dc.contributor.author
Norford, Leslie K.
dc.date.accessioned
2020-05-06T06:32:29Z
dc.date.available
2020-05-04T08:08:13Z
dc.date.available
2020-05-05T08:23:37Z
dc.date.available
2020-05-05T11:34:04Z
dc.date.available
2020-05-06T05:53:34Z
dc.date.available
2020-05-06T06:32:29Z
dc.date.issued
2020-04-30
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/412794
dc.identifier.doi
10.3929/ethz-b-000412794
dc.description.abstract
This report studies the anthropogenic heat emissions of Singapore’s power generation sector and evaluates the potential future emissions with electromobility across the island. We thus developed a power plant dispatch model to downscale the total heat released by the power sector in 2016. Taking electricity demand and fuel prices as inputs, the model was based on an energy-only model of the National Electricity Market of Singapore. Generation companies were assumed to bid at marginal cost and discount the value of cogeneration heat. This led to a higher correlation of electricity prices and demand than in reality, and sensitivity to fuel prices. The model is capable of calculating the dispatch, fuel consumption, cogeneration heat and waste heat streams of each plant. These heat profiles would then serve as inputs to a WRF mesoscale model of Singapore. The model was calibrated with the monthly fuel mix and annual fuel consumption in 2016 via hyperparameter optimization. An RMSE of 4.67 ktoe was achieved in the electricity produced per month and per fuel, and the total released heat was within 1.88% of the energy statistics. Simulation of the baseline electricity demand showed that CCGT PNG plants emit over half of the waste heat (1796 ktoe of 3282 ktoe), with the Senoko power plant releasing half of this. Cogeneration CCGT plants released about 882 ktoe of waste heat, while producing as much as 1813 ktoe of process heat. As much as 47% of the total waste heat is released into the air as sensible heat, and 27% as latent heat, with the rest released into the sea. Based on data from a previous study on the anthropogenic heat emissions in the transportation sector, we simulated a scenario wherein the road transportation in Singapore was fully electrified. This scenario could have an additional waste heat of 248 ktoe, and an additional electricity demand of 369 ktoe. This additional demand represents a reduction of vehicle heat on the roads by a factor of six, and more heat is emitted at far-away and efficient cogeneration plants. Overall, the estimated reduction in total anthropogenic heat is 1473 ktoe, or about 7% less than in 2016.
en_US
dc.format
application/pdf
en_US
dc.language.iso
en
en_US
dc.publisher
Singapore-ETH Centre (SEC)
en_US
dc.rights.uri
http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/
dc.subject
anthropogenic heat
en_US
dc.subject
power plant heat emissions
en_US
dc.subject
Electromobility
en_US
dc.subject
Singapore power generation
en_US
dc.subject
National Electricity Market of Singapore
dc.subject
power plant dispatch
dc.subject
dc.title
Anthropogenic Heat of Power Generation in Singapore: analyzing today and a future electromobility scenario
en_US
dc.type
Report
dc.rights.license
In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted
ethz.journal.title
Deliverable Technical Report
ethz.journal.volume
D 1.2.2.3
en_US
ethz.size
66 p.
en_US
ethz.version.edition
1 – 30/04/2020
en_US
ethz.notes
Project Cooling Singapore 1.5: Virtual Singapore Urban Climate Design (project ID NRF2019VSG-UCD-001)
en_US
ethz.publication.place
Singapore
en_US
ethz.publication.status
published
en_US
ethz.leitzahl
ETH Zürich::00002 - ETH Zürich::00003 - Schulleitung und Dienste::00022 - Bereich VP Forschung / Domain VP Research::08058 - Singapore-ETH Centre (SEC) / Singapore-ETH Centre (SEC)
en_US
ethz.tag
CoolingSingapore
ethz.date.deposited
2020-05-04T08:08:21Z
ethz.source
FORM
ethz.eth
yes
en_US
ethz.availability
Open access
en_US
ethz.rosetta.installDate
2020-05-06T06:32:40Z
ethz.rosetta.lastUpdated
2022-03-29T02:03:13Z
ethz.rosetta.versionExported
true
ethz.COinS
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