Ultracold Neutrons

Abstract

Ultracold neutrons (UCN) are free neutrons that can be stored in experimental setups for several minutes. Some of the most important properties of the neutron, such as its tiny permanent electric dipole moment and its beta decay lifetime, are best measured with UCN. Also searches for well motivated but yet unknown, hypothetical additional interactions are being pursued with UCN. Such measurements in the field of low-energy, precision physics may have far reaching implications from particle physics to cosmology. Most experiments are statistics limited and need high-intensity UCN sources. The UCN source at PSI is at the forefront of the field and home to the international nEDM collaboration and its world-leading search for the neutron electric dipole moment. This article aims at giving an overview of the fascinating research using ultracold neutrons emphasizing on activities at PSI including various physics side-analyses which were pioneered by the nEDM collaboration.