Aggregated models of active distribution networks for stability studies of large transmission systems

Abstract

The paper presents a new framework to quantify the amount of dynamic grid support that should be provided from converter-based energy resources replacing generation from synchronous machines. A tuning approach for local stability issues in active distribution networks (ADN) is presented, followed by an aggregation procedure to derive adequate low-order ADN models. The resulting models from benchmark systems with varying shares of grid-forming converter-based generation up to 100% of the distribution grid load are published along with the paper. They allow an adequate representation of ADNs for the assessment of voltage and frequency performance in large-scale transmission grid simulations. A quantitative study of the full continental ENTSO-E system investigates a large disturbance in the form of a system split for multiple development paths of converters replacing synchronous machines. It is found that about 10%–20% of the new converters should have grid-support capabilities to maintain the dynamic power system performance at today's level.