SAR offset tracking

Abstract

This chapter introduces various methods for offset tracking using SAR imagery. The chapter starts with a brief introduction to the acquisition geometry and the imaging method of SAR sensors, including a description of radar speckle. Equations for offset tracking in the spatial domain and the frequency domain are derived. Signal-to-noise ratio and cross-correlation parameters are given. The methods of coherence tracking, speckle tracking, and intensity tracking are explained and differentiated. The chapter includes a description of two advanced tracking methods. These methods use SAR image time series to make offset tracking more robust against decorrelation, radar speckle, and noise and enhance the spatial resolution of the offset measurements. The chapter finished with the fusion of displacement measurements from different observation geometries into three-dimensional displacement maps.