Germanium- and gallium-rich sphalerite in Mississippi Valley-type deposits: the San Vicente district and the Shalipayco deposit, Peru
dc.contributor.author
Torró, Lisard
dc.contributor.author
Millán‐Nuñez, Andrea Julieta
dc.contributor.author
Benites, Diego
dc.contributor.author
González‐Jiménez, José María
dc.contributor.author
Laurent, Oscar
dc.contributor.author
Tavazzani, Lorenzo
dc.contributor.author
Vallance, Jean
dc.contributor.author
Chelle-Michou, Cyril
dc.contributor.author
Proenza, Joaquín A.
dc.contributor.author
Flores, Carlos
dc.contributor.author
Melgarejo, Joan Carles
dc.contributor.author
Fontboté, Lluís
dc.date.accessioned
2023-05-15T12:46:11Z
dc.date.available
2023-03-03T04:04:41Z
dc.date.available
2023-03-03T09:24:18Z
dc.date.available
2023-05-15T12:46:11Z
dc.date.issued
2023-06
dc.identifier.issn
0026-4598
dc.identifier.issn
1432-1866
dc.identifier.other
10.1007/s00126-023-01160-4
en_US
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/601353
dc.description.abstract
Sphalerite in Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposits hosts significant resources of both germanium and gallium. Here, we provide a survey on the distribution of Ge, Ga, and other minor and trace elements in sphalerite from MVT deposits in the Eastern Cordillera and sub-Andean regions of Peru, including the San Vicente deposit and the nearby Chilpes and Huacrash prospects, and the Shalipayco deposit. We present also a micro- and nano-scale textural characterization of Ge-rich sphalerite. In situ laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analyses yielded Ge contents (inter-quartile range [IQR] = 164-36 ppm for the San Vicente district and IQR = 425-101 ppm for the Shalipayco deposit) that overlap with the range reported for sphalerite from other MVT deposits elsewhere. The highest Ge contents (IQR = 1207-375 ppm, up to 1861 ppm) were found in Fe-poor orange sphalerite deposited during a volumetrically minor second mineralization step in the San Vicente deposit located mainly in steep veins that crosscut the main first-step mineralization dominated by darker sphalerite. Reddish-brown sphalerite from Chilpes (IQR = 445-22 ppm, up to 1745 ppm) and brownish orange sphalerite from Huacrash (IQR = 650-34 ppm, up to 855 ppm) also yielded remarkably high Ge values. In Shalipayco, the highest Ge contents were analyzed in late Fe-poor yellow sphalerite (IQR = 375-267 ppm, up to 1119 ppm). The highest Ga contents were determined in reddish-brown sphalerite from the Chilpes prospect (IQR = 1156-0.26 ppm, up to 3943 ppm), although Ga contents are, in general, much lower than those of Ge in most analyzed sphalerite (IQR = 27-0.22 ppm in the San Vicente district and IQR = 2.8-0.081 ppm in the Shalipayco deposit). These figures place some of the analyzed sphalerite types among the Ge- and Ga-richest samples ever reported. Linkage of textural and compositional data points to light-colored, chiefly orange and yellow sphalerite generations crystallizing at lower temperatures and relatively late in the paragenetic sequences as those with the highest Ge contents. In contrast, the paragenetic control on Ga enrichment is unclear. Focused ion beam and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (FIB-HRTEM) investigation combined with trace element content correlations reveal selective partitioning of Ge and Ga into sphalerite as structurally bound elements and their incorporation via substitution mostly coupled to monovalent cations triggering polytypism.
en_US
dc.language.iso
en
en_US
dc.publisher
Springer
en_US
dc.subject
Critical raw materials
en_US
dc.subject
High-tech elements
en_US
dc.subject
By-product
en_US
dc.subject
Zn-Pb deposits
en_US
dc.subject
Andes
en_US
dc.subject
Mineral color
en_US
dc.title
Germanium- and gallium-rich sphalerite in Mississippi Valley-type deposits: the San Vicente district and the Shalipayco deposit, Peru
en_US
dc.type
Journal Article
dc.date.published
2023-01-26
ethz.journal.title
Mineralium Deposita
ethz.journal.volume
58
en_US
ethz.journal.issue
5
en_US
ethz.journal.abbreviated
Miner. Depos.
ethz.pages.start
853
en_US
ethz.pages.end
880
en_US
ethz.identifier.wos
ethz.identifier.scopus
ethz.publication.place
Berlin
en_US
ethz.publication.status
published
en_US
ethz.leitzahl
ETH Zürich::00002 - ETH Zürich::00012 - Lehre und Forschung::00007 - Departemente::02330 - Dep. Erd- und Planetenwissenschaften / Dep. of Earth and Planetary Sciences::02725 - Institut für Geochemie und Petrologie / Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology::09656 - Chelle-Michou, Cyril / Chelle-Michou, Cyril
ethz.leitzahl.certified
ETH Zürich::00002 - ETH Zürich::00012 - Lehre und Forschung::00007 - Departemente::02330 - Dep. Erd- und Planetenwissenschaften / Dep. of Earth and Planetary Sciences::02725 - Institut für Geochemie und Petrologie / Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology::09656 - Chelle-Michou, Cyril / Chelle-Michou, Cyril
ethz.date.deposited
2023-03-03T04:04:43Z
ethz.source
WOS
ethz.eth
yes
en_US
ethz.availability
Metadata only
en_US
ethz.rosetta.installDate
2024-02-02T23:11:02Z
ethz.rosetta.lastUpdated
2025-02-14T04:31:44Z
ethz.rosetta.versionExported
true
ethz.COinS
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Journal Article [133686]