High-Level Quantum Programming

Abstract

Quantum computation has made remarkable progress in recent years, not only by constructing quantum computers that surpass classical counterparts in specific tasks, but also by developing increasingly complex quantum algorithms. Unfortunately, the development of essential tools for quantum programming, such as high-level programming languages and debugging tools, has not kept pace with these advancements. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to advance quantum computation by introducing novel tools that both enable experts to fully leverage the potential of quantum computing and lower the entrance barrier for non-expert quantum programmers. To this end, the thesis presents three innovative tools: Silq, Unqomp, and Abstraqt. Silq is a high-level quantum programming language whose most significant contribution is its ability to ensure all temporary quantum values can be automatically uncomputed, simplifying the programming process. Unqomp is the first procedure to automatically synthesize uncomputation within quantum circuits containing non-classical gates, such as the Hadamard gate. Abstraqt is a novel approach to efficiently simulate arbitrary quantum circuits at the cost of lost precision, enabling the study of circuit properties that were previously intractable. These tools were inspired by established techniques from the programming languages community, which can serve as a rich reservoir of concepts and approaches beneficial for quantum computing. Silq utilizes a novel type system to enable uncomputation, Unqomp synthesizes uncomputation through a graph representation of quantum circuits, and Abstraqt leverages abstract interpretation to abstract the imprecision it introduces. Overall, these tools improve the productivity of quantum programmers and reduce the likelihood of errors in quantum algorithm implementations.