Impact of frequency control reserve provision by storage systems on power system operation

Abstract

Batteries can be used to provide ancillary services, such as primary frequency response. However, their energy capacity is limited. Therefore, set-point adjustments are necessary and the energy for this has still to be provided by power-plants that do not face energy constraints. This paper investigates various aspects of and potential benefits for power system operation and stability, if energy-constraint units are allowed to participate in the ancillary service markets.