Learning a Cost-Effective Annotation Policy for Question Answering


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Date

2020-11

Publication Type

Conference Paper

ETH Bibliography

yes

Citations

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Data

Abstract

State-of-the-art question answering (QA) relies upon large amounts of training data for which labeling is time consuming and thus expensive. For this reason, customizing QA systems is challenging. As a remedy, we propose a novel framework for annotating QA datasets that entails learning a cost-effective annotation policy and a semi-supervised annotation scheme. The latter reduces the human effort: it leverages the underlying QA system to suggest potential candidate annotations. Human annotators then simply provide binary feedback on these candidates. Our system is designed such that past annotations continuously improve the future performance and thus overall annotation cost. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to address the problem of annotating questions with minimal annotation cost. We compare our framework against traditional manual annotations in an extensive set of experiments. We find that our approach can reduce up to 21.1% of the annotation cost.

Publication status

published

Book title

Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)

Journal / series

Volume

Pages / Article No.

3051 - 3062

Publisher

Association for Computational Linguistics

Event

Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2020)

Edition / version

Methods

Software

Geographic location

Date collected

Date created

Subject

Organisational unit

09623 - Feuerriegel, Stefan (ehemalig) / Feuerriegel, Stefan (former)

Notes

Due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) the conference was conducted virtually.

Funding

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