Dry Redox Reforming with Concentrated Solar Energy


Author / Producer

Date

2024

Publication Type

Doctoral Thesis

ETH Bibliography

yes

Citations

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Data

Abstract

This thesis investigates the CeO2-CH4-CO2 redox reforming cycle, a promising approach for producing sustainable aviation fuel via a solar thermochemical route. The cycle utilizes non-stoichiometric ceria (CeO2−δ) in a two-step isothermal process: an endothermic methanothermal reduction and an exothermic oxidation with CO2, producing syngas (H2, CO)—a precursor for Fischer-Tropsch liquid fuels. Employing methane (from biogenic) sources facilitates high reduction extents (δ >> 0.05) and low operating temperatures (< 1000 °C). Thermodynamic analyses indicate higher non-stoichiometries improve syngas selectivity. Experiments in a tubular reactor at 5% educt concentrations show that a pellet sintered at 1100 °C and made with a cylindrical pore former proves optimal for high CH4 conversion due to enhanced kinetics. A computational fluid dynamics model (porousRedoxFoam), developed within OpenFOAM, is designed to solve a system of reversible heterogeneous reactions involving fluid flow over a fixed-bed of a non-stoichiometric solid metal oxide. The model is experimentally validated and used in a design optimization case study, suggesting flow rates of 10 Ln/min using 7–10 cm diameter tubes. Various operating strategies such as high-δ cycling, counter-current, and cycle priming are modeled. The process is demonstrated using a directly-irradiated solar reactor (10 kWth) at a solar tower concentrating facility, where the solar-to-fuel efficiency reached 16.4%. In closing, a continuous operating mode, co-feeding, is presented.

Publication status

published

Editor

Contributors

Examiner: Steinfeld, Aldo
Examiner : Bhosale, Rahul
Examiner : Ghoniem, Ahmed

Book title

Journal / series

Volume

Pages / Article No.

Publisher

ETH Zurich

Event

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Methods

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Geographic location

Date collected

Date created

Subject

Solar energy; Concentrated solar energy; Solar fuel; Syngas; Dry reforming of methane; Redox reaction; Thermochemical redox cycle; Metal oxide; Thermodynamic modeling; Experimental testing; Reactor; Ceramic structure; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); OpenFOAM; Heat and mass transfer; Experimental validation; Design optimization; Solar reactor; Scale-up; Pilot plant; On-sun performance

Organisational unit

03530 - Steinfeld, Aldo (emeritus) / Steinfeld, Aldo (emeritus) check_circle

Notes

Funding

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