Alexander V. Shokurov

Last Name

Shokurov

First Name

Alexander V.

ORCID

0000-0003-4562-8603

Organisational unit

09715 - Menon, Carlo / Menon, Carlo

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Publications 1 - 10 of 11

Advancing cancer detection with portable salivary sialic acid testing
Elgendi, Mohamed; Lyzwinski, Lynnette; Kübler, Eric; et al. (2024)
npj Biosensing
This perspective emphasizes the robust evidence supporting salivary sialic acid (SA) as a valuable tool for cancer prescreening, particularly for oral and breast cancers. The potential benefits of salivary SA testing include early cancer detection and treatment response monitoring. The challenges and opportunities of developing a portable cancer detection device are discussed. Enabling accessible and timely prescreening through salivary SA testing has the potential to save lives and offer an alternative to mammograms for low-risk groups. Portable Raman spectrometers show promise for SA analysis, but cost and sensitivity challenges need attention. The potential for personalized medicine, multiplexing capabilities, and remote collaboration further enhances the value of portable Raman-based cancer detection devices. Implementing these recommendations may lead to the future use of portable devices in cancer detection through salivary SA analysis. Salivary SA’s promising potential as a prescreening or adjunct biomarker extends beyond the clinical setting, and its integration into routine practice could empower individuals for home-based cancer detection, enabling more convenient and effective health monitoring.
From In‐Silico Optimized Microfabrication to Experimental Validation: Engineering a Tridimensional Epi‐Intraneural Interface
Ciotti, Federico; Cimolato, Andrea; Gozzi, Noemi; et al. (2025)
Advanced Functional Materials
Vagus nerve stimulation shows promise for treating heart failure, epilepsy, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, but its clinical use is yet limited, possibly due to the poor spatial selectivity of cuff electrodes presently used. Existing intraneural electrodes offer higher selectivity but are invasive and complex to implant. An electrode with a unique feature of combining epineural and intraneural contacts was developed and optimized via in silico modeling for selective stimulation, rapid implantation, and minimal invasiveness. A tridimentional fabrication process integrating photolithography techniques with 2‐photon polymerization was engineered to create penetrating, narrow spikes on a flexible polyimide substrate. In vitro tests demonstrate mechanical robustness and enhance electrochemical properties thanks to customized titanium nitride coating. In vivo trials in rats and pigs showcase that the optimized design enables lower‐threshold stimulation with precise function targeting and fewer off‐target effects. This framework, including model‐driven design and novel fabrication process, enables precise tailoring of neural interfaces to diverse clinical targets, overcoming the selectivity–invasiveness trade‐off and advancing bioelectronic therapies toward closed‐loop control and chronic use.
Hydrogels as Soft Ionic Conductors in Flexible and Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Wu, Yinghong; Luo, Yang; Cuthbert, Tyler J.; et al. (2022)
Advanced Science
Flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted increasing interest since their advent in 2012. In comparison with other flexible electrodes, hydrogels possess transparency, stretchability, biocompatibility, and tunable ionic conductivity, which together provide great potential as current collectors in TENGs for wearable applications. The development of hydrogel-based TENGs (H-TENGs) is currently a burgeoning field but research efforts have lagged behind those of other common flexible TENGs. In order to spur research and development of this important area, a comprehensive review that summarizes recent advances and challenges of H-TENGs will be very useful to researchers and engineers in this emerging field. Herein, the advantages and types of hydrogels as soft ionic conductors in TENGs are presented, followed by detailed descriptions of the advanced functions, enhanced output performance, as well as flexible and wearable applications of H-TENGs. Finally, the challenges and prospects of H-TENGs are discussed.
HACS: Helical Auxetic Yarn Capacitive Strain Sensors with Sensitivity Beyond the Theoretical Limit
Cuthbert, Tyler; Hannigan, Brett C.; Roberjot, Pierre; et al. (2023)
Advanced Materials
The development of flexible strain sensors over the past decade has focused on accessing high strain percentages and high sensitivity (i.e., gauge factors). Strain sensors that employ capacitance as the electrical signal to correlate to strain are typically restricted in sensitivity because of the Poisson effect. By employing auxetic structures, the limits of sensitivity for capacitive sensors have been exceeded, which has improved the competitiveness of this modality of sensing. In this work, the first employment of helical auxetic yarns as capacitive sensors is presented. It is found that the response of the helical auxetic yarn capacitive sensors (termed as HACS) is dependent on the two main fabrication variables-the ratio of diameters and the helical wrapping length. Depending on these variables, sensors that respond to strain with increasing or decreasing capacitance values can be obtained. A greater auxetic character results in larger sensitivities accessible at smaller strains-a characteristic that is not commonly found when accessing high gauge factors. In addition, the highest sensitivity for auxetic capacitive sensors reported thus far is obtained. A mechanism of sensor response that explains both the variable capacitance response and the high gauge factors obtained experimentally is proposed.
Laser-Induced Graphene Electrodes for Electrochemistry Education and Research
Shokurov, Alexander V.; Menon, Carlo (2023)
Journal of Chemical Education
Many aspects of electrochemical education, such as electroanalysis demonstrations, require three-electrode-cell experimental setups. Many researchers and educators use screen-printed electrochemical electrodes, which are miniature and disposable but are relatively expensive and use proprietary fabrication components. The present article describes how to laser-scribe complete three-electrode graphene-based electrodes that can compete with (and, in some regards, even rival) commercial screen-printed electrodes. The process of optimization of the lasing procedure to produce laser-induced graphene using almost any laser cutter available to the reader is described. A way to form a Ag/AgCl pseudoreference electrode on the graphene trace to complete the three-electrode cell, without usage of commercial inks or complicated printing technologies, is demonstrated. Electrochemical characterization of the electrode surface, reference electrode stability, and student practice demonstration of analytic applications of the produced cells (determination of dopamine concentration and coffee polyphenols) are described. These experiments and procedures act both as a method of fabrication of laser-scribed electrodes and as an educational material for introduction to electrodeposition, voltammetry, and electroanalysis.
Leveraging body dielectric polarization for ambient electromagnetic energy recovery via e-textile
Li, Yuanlong; Yang, Weifeng; Shokurov, Alexander V.; et al. (2025)
Nature Communications
Ambient electromagnetic energy surrounds us in daily life and holds great potential for powering the future distributed wearable electronics. However, current electromagnetic energy harvesting methods suffer from reflection losses and parasitic effects, typically generating only nanowatt-level power, which is insufficient for flexible electronic systems. Here, we propose a body dielectric polarization-enabled textile for electromagnetic energy recovery. By harnessing the space charge/ dipole polarization in the body, the textile can directly convert electromagnetic energy from skin surface without additional power generation entities. Due to the body dielectric polarization mechanism, the textile can recover up to 10.2 mW/person (10.01 dBm) from a common laptop during daily typing, surpassing most state-of-the-art electromagnetic energy harvesters. We further demonstrate the textile by continuously powering a wireless heart rate belt for overnight heart rate and ECG monitoring without a battery. This body dielectric polarization energy recovery strategy provides inspiration for future distributed flexible energy.
Metal-Organic Framework-Based Tribovoltaic Textile for Human Body Signal Monitoring
Li, Yuanlong; Wu, Yinghong; Shokurov, Alexander V.; et al. (2025)
Advanced Science
The pursuit of sustainable and portable direct current (DC) energy suppliers has ignited considerable interest in tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs), devices that harvest mechanical energy from the surrounding environment. However, the predominant focus in TVNG research has centered on rigid and silicon-based semiconductors that lack flexibility and are thus ill-suited for integration into common fabrics. Herein, a fully-textile TVNG with a simple design is introduced that enables the real-time monitoring of human physiological signals. The utilization of copper-benzenehexathiol (Cu-BHT), a conductive 2D metal-organic framework is proposed as a p-type semiconductor grown on fabric surfaces. The developed tribovoltaic textile (TVT) consists of Cu-BHT-modified cotton and metallic aluminum textile producing pure DC output due to self-rectification. With excellent flexibility and stability, Cu-BHT TVT is seamlessly integrated into textile-based accessories for continuous monitoring of human motion and respiration.
High-Performance Textile-Based Capacitive Strain Sensors via Enhanced Vapor Phase Polymerization of Pyrrole and Their Application to Machine Learning-Assisted Hand Gesture Recognition
Kateb, Pierre; Fornaciari, Alice; Ahmadizadeh, Chakaveh; et al. (2024)
Advanced Intelligent Systems
Sensors based on everyday textiles are extremely promising for wearable applications. The present work focuses on high-performance textile-based capacitive strain sensors. Specifically, a conductive textile is obtained via vapor-phase polymerization of pyrrole, in which the usage of methanol co-vapor and the addition of imidazole to the iron chloride oxidant solution are shown to maximize conductivity. A technique to provide insulation and mechanical resistance using thermoplastic polyurethane and polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene/barium titanate composite is developed. Such insulated conductive elastics are then used to fabricate highly sensitive twisted yarn capacitive sensors. A textile glove is subsequently embedded with such sensors. The wireless measurement and transmission system demonstrate efficacy in capturing capacitance variations upon strain and monitoring hand motions. A machine learning model to recognize 12 gestures is implemented-100% classification accuracy is obtained.
Opportunities and challenges for sweat-based monitoring of metabolic syndrome via wearable technologies
Lyzwinski, Lynnette; Elgendi, Mohamed; Shokurov, Alexander V.; et al. (2023)
Communications Engineering
Metabolic syndrome is a prevalent condition in adults over the age of 65 and is a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Thus, methods to track the condition, prevent complications and assess symptoms and risk factors are needed. Here we discuss sweat-based wearable technologies as a potential monitoring tool for patients with metabolic syndrome. We describe several key symptoms that can be evaluated that could employ sweat patches to assess inflammatory markers, glucose, sodium, and cortisol. We then discuss the challenges with material property, sensor integration, and sensor placement and provide feasible solutions to optimize them. Together with a list of recommendations, we propose a pathway toward successfully developing and implementing reliable sweat-based technologies to monitor metabolic syndrome.
Variety of steady and excited state interactions in BODIPY aggregates: Photophysics in antisolvent systems and floating layers
Usoltsev, Sergey D.; Raitman, Oleg A.; Shokurov, Alexander V.; et al. (2023)
Journal of Molecular Liquids
Associative behavior of geometrically anisotropic meso-(4-octadecyloxy-phenyl)-boron-dipyrrin (BODIPY) studied spectroscopically in binary solvent mixtures and upon compression in Langmuir floating layers. Different steady and excited state species were found upon monolayer compression and facilitated aggregation in water/ acetonitrile systems. This discrepancy points to a big concern in possibility of commonly applied generalizations across different aggregating systems. Broad range of decay fitting models were examined to reveal their benefits and pitfalls specific to examination of dye aggregates. Radiative constant gamma-distribution approach and free form fluorescence lifetime distribution with maximum entropy method (MEM) outperformed multiple common techniques for analysis of complex fluorescence decays. MEM could be recommended for analysis of systems where complicated lifetime distributions appear over time or upon external stimuli. Findings and protocols could be utilized as tools in studies of steady and excited-state photophysics of BODIPY aggregates. (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Alexander V. Shokurov

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