Journal: Advances in Geophysics

Abbreviation

Adv. geophys.

Publisher

Academic Press

Journal Volumes

ISSN

0065-2687

Description

Filters

2014 - 201922020 - 20245
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Publications 1 - 7 of 7
  • Preface: Geohazards
    Item type: Book Chapter
    Schmelzbach, Cédric (2023)
    Advances in Geophysics ~ Geohazards
  • Geohazards
    Item type: Edited Volume
    (2023)
    Advances in Geophysics
  • Space Geodesy for Environmental Monitoring
    Item type: Edited Volume
    (2024)
    Advances in Geophysics
  • Natural-hazard monitoring with global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)
    Item type: Book Chapter
    Hohensinn, Roland; Aichinger-Rosenberger, Matthias; Wareyka-Glaner, Marcus Franz; et al. (2024)
    Advances in Geophysics ~ Space Geodesy for Environmental Monitoring
    For more than three decades, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been essential sensors for monitoring ground deformations and the state of the atmosphere. Geodetic GNSS is crucial for resolving spatial and temporal characteristics of geophysical processes, capturing variations that range from decades to sub-seconds, and from local to global scales. Applications include fields such as geodynamics, seismology, and meteorology. GNSS can detect long-term changes at the sub-millimeter-per-year level and rapid movements with sub-centimeter precision, making them essential for monitoring plate tectonics, earthquakes, atmospheric water vapor, and ionospheric disturbances. Consequently, GNSS are important for detecting and understanding natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, or severe weather events. This review introduces and examines the role of ground-based GNSS in monitoring natural hazards. It highlights key developments and applications in geodetic GNSS for geological and lithospheric hazards (earthquakes, landslides, volcanoes), tropospheric hazards (severe weather), and ionospheric disturbances from natural hazards and space weather events. The review discusses advancements and limitations of GNSS for geophysical applications, its integration with other sensors (e.g., seismometers, InSAR), and recent developments in low-cost GNSS technology and machine learning for hazard monitoring. Additionally, it covers GNSS radio occultation (GNSS-RO) for atmospheric monitoring and provides an overview of open-source GNSS software, key data providers, and online portals.
  • Seismic tomography and the assessment of uncertainty
    Item type: Book Chapter
    Rawlinson, Nicholas; Fichtner, Andreas; Sambridge, Malcolm; et al. (2014)
    Advances in Geophysics
    Seismic tomography is a powerful tool for illuminating Earth structure across a range of scales, but the usefulness of any image that is generated by this method is dependent on our ability to quantify its uncertainty. This uncertainty arises from the ill-posed nature of the tomographic inverse problem, which means that multiple models are capable of satisfying the data. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of the art in the assessment of uncertainty in seismic tomography, and issue a timely reminder that compared to the rapid advances made in many other areas of Earth imaging, uncertainty assessment remains underdeveloped and is often ignored or given minimal treatment in published studies. After providing a historical perspective that dates back to the pioneering work of the early 1970s, the factors that control solution nonuniqueness are discussed, which include data coverage, data noise, choice of parameterization, method used for data prediction and formulation of the inverse problem. This is followed by a description of common methods used to assess solution uncertainty and a commentary on their strengths and weaknesses. The final section of the review presents four case studies involving data sets from Australia and Europe that use different methods to assess uncertainty. The descriptive nature of this review, which does not contain detailed mathematical derivations, means that it is suitable for the many nonspecialists who make use of seismic tomography results but may not have a full appreciation of their reliability.
  • Inversion of Geophysical Data
    Item type: Edited Volume
    (2021)
    Advances in Geophysics
  • Near-Surface Geophysical Characterization of Areas Prone to Natural Hazards: A Review of the Current and Perspective on the Future
    Item type: Journal Article
    Malehmir, Alireza; Socco, Laura V.; Bastani, Mehrdad; et al. (2016)
    Advances in Geophysics
    Natural hazards such as landslides, floods, rockfalls, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, sinkholes, and snow avalanches represent potential risks to our infrastructures, properties, and lives. That potential will continue to escalate with current and continued human encroachment into risk areas. With the help of geophysical techniques many of those risks can be better understood and quantified, thereby minimized and at least partly mitigated through accurate, site-specific, and proper planning and engineering. On occasions these hazards simply cannot be avoided, but better characterization and therefore understanding of the subsurface geology and natural processes responsible for the threats is possible through integration of various cost-effective geophysical methods with relevant geotechnical, geomechanical, and hydrogeological methods. With the enhanced characterization possible when geophysics is incorporated into natural hazard analysis, potential risks can be better quantified and remediation plans tuned to minimize the threat most natural hazards present to civilizations. In this article we will first review common geophysical methods that can be and have been utilized in studying natural hazard prone areas, then we provide selected case studies and approaches using predominantly our own examples, and finally a look into the future detailing how these methods and technologies can be better implemented and thereby more time- and cost-effective and provide improved results.
Publications 1 - 7 of 7