Effect of sintering temperature and Sr/Ti ratio on the nature of Mn-ion speciation within SrTiO₃-based compounds
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2025-01
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Journal Article
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Abstract
Manganese-doped (Mn/Ti = 0.02/0.98) SrTiO3-based materials with various Sr/Ti mole ratios (1.02, 1.00, 0.97 and 0.92) were obtained by the citrate precursor method. The materials were characterised in terms of microstructure (SEM), structure (XRD, XANES), electrical properties (DC method) and reducibility (TPR). With the introduction of 2 mol.% Mn, the cubic structure of SrTiO3 is preserved, but significantly limits (from Sr/Ti >= 0.8 to Sr/Ti > 0.92) the possibilities of deviations from stoichiometry at 1200 degrees C. The narrowing of the stability limit of the perovskite structure to Sr/Ti > 0.97 with an increase in temperature to 1400 degrees C and segregation of Ti-Mn-enrich species are shown. The location and the oxidation states of Mn in both (Sr and Ti) sublattices depend on the assumed Sr/Ti ratio and sintering temperature. Regardless of the Sr/Ti ratio, Mn-doped SrTiO3 exhibits very low electrical conductivity with an ionic conductivity mechanism.
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31 (1)
Pages / Article No.
1111 - 1123
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Springer
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Subject
Mn-doping; Non-stoichiometry; Strontium titanate; Microstructure; XANES