Journal: Insect Systematics and Diversity

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Oxford University Press

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2021 - 20232
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Publications 1 - 2 of 2
  • Climatic Niche Conservatism and Ecological Diversification in the Holarctic Cold-Dwelling Butterfly Genus Erebia
    Item type: Journal Article
    Klečková, Irena; Klečka, Jan; Fric, Zdeněk Faltýnek; et al. (2023)
    Insect Systematics and Diversity
    The diversification of alpine species has been modulated by their climatic niches interacting with changing climatic conditions. The relative roles of climatic niche conservatism promoting geographical speciation and of climatic niche diversification are poorly understood in diverse temperate groups. Here, we investigate the climatic niche evolution in a species rich butterfly genus, Erebia (). This Holarctic cold-dwelling genus reaches the highest diversity in European mountains. We generated a nearly complete molecular phylogeny and modeled the climatic niche evolution using geo-referenced occurrence records. We reconstructed the evolution of the climatic niche and tested how the species' climatic niche width changes across the occupied climate gradient and compared two main Erebia clades, the European and the Asian clade. We further explored climatic niche overlaps among species. Our analyses revealed that the evolution of Erebia has been shaped by climatic niche conservatism, supported by a strong phylogenetic signal and niche overlap in sister species, likely promoting allopatric speciation. The European and the Asian clades evolved their climatic niches toward different local optima. In addition, species in the European clade have narrower niches compared to the Asian clade. Contrasts among the clades may be related to regional climate differences, with lower climate seasonality in Europe compared to Central Asia favoring the evolution of narrower niches. Further, adaptive divergence could appear in other traits, such as habitat use, which can be reflected by narrower climatic niches detected in the European clade. Our study extends knowledge about the complexity of evolutionary drivers in temperate insects.
  • Analysis of RNA-Seq, DNA Target Enrichment, and Sanger Nucleotide Sequence Data Resolves Deep Splits in the Phylogeny of Cuckoo Wasps (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
    Item type: Journal Article
    Pauli, Thomas; Meusemann, Karen; Kukowka, Sandra; et al. (2021)
    Insect Systematics and Diversity
    The wasp family Chrysididae (cuckoo wasps, gold wasps) comprises exclusively parasitoid and kleptoparasitic species, many of which feature a stunning iridescent coloration and phenotypic adaptations to their parasitic life style. Previous attempts to infer phylogenetic relationships among the family’s major lineages (subfamilies, tribes, genera) based on Sanger sequence data were insufficient to statistically resolve the monophyly and the phylogenetic position of the subfamily Amiseginae and the phylogenetic relationships among the tribes Allocoeliini, Chrysidini, Elampini, and Parnopini (Chrysidinae). Here, we present a phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequence data of 492 nuclear single-copy genes (230,915 aligned amino acid sites) from 94 species of Chrysidoidea (representing Bethylidae, Chrysididae, Dryinidae, Plumariidae) and 45 outgroup species by combining RNA-seq and DNA target enrichment data. We find support for Amiseginae being more closely related to Cleptinae than to Chrysidinae. Furthermore, we find strong support for Allocoeliini being the sister lineage of all remaining Chrysidinae, whereas Elampini represent the sister lineage of Chrysidini and Parnopini. Our study corroborates results from a recent phylogenomic investigation, which revealed Chrysidoidea as likely paraphyletic.
Publications 1 - 2 of 2