Journal: AAPS Introductions in the Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Springer

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2522-834X
2522-8358

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  • Microfluidic Flow Cytometry
    Item type: Book Chapter
    Duclos Ivetich, Sarah; Stavrakis, Stavros; Demello, Andrew J. (2024)
    AAPS Introductions in the Pharmaceutical Sciences ~ Microfluidics in Pharmaceutical Sciences
    Flow cytometry is the most widely used method for the rapid enumeration of cells suspended in fluid media. Because of its quantitative and multi-parametric nature and operational throughputs of up to 50,000 cells/s, flow cytometry is considered the gold standard method for identifying cells within heterogeneous populations. Unfortunately, conventional flow cytometers are costly, mechanically complex, consume large sample and reagent volumes (due to the need to use sheathing fluids), and require trained personnel for both operation and maintenance. To overcome these limitations, significant efforts have focused on miniaturizing and simplifying benchtop flow cytometers to realize microfluidic platforms able to sensitively assay cells in a high-throughput manner. In this chapter, we present the key features and characteristics of microfluidic-based flow cytometers. We then detail the various methods employed to manipulate and focus cells within flowing streams. This is followed by a discussion of contemporary optical detection systems and how these may be integrated within microfluidic platforms. We emphasize the significance and opportunities associated with imaging flow cytometry, detailing different imaging modes and how they may be used to enhance information content while maintaining high-throughput operation. To conclude, we explore the potential impact of emerging technologies, such as machine learning, in next-generation imaging flow cytometry.
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