Vertebral body insufficiency fractures: detection of vertebrae at risk on standard CT images using texture analysis and machine learning
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2019-05-01
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Journal Article
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no
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Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of bone texture analysis (TA) combined with machine learning (ML) algorithms in standard CT scans to identify patients with vertebrae at risk for insufficiency fractures. Materials and methods Standard CT scans of 58 patients with insufficiency fractures of the spine, performed between 2006 and 2013, were analyzed retrospectively. Every included patient had at least two CT scans. Intact vertebrae in a first scan that either fractured (Bunstable^) or remained intact (Bstable^) in the consecutive scan were manually seg mented on mid-sagittal reformations. TA features for all vertebrae were extracted using open-source software (MaZda). In a paired control study, all vertebrae of the study cohort Bcases^ and matched controls were classified using ROC analysis of Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements and supervised ML techniques. In a within-subject vertebra comparison, vertebrae of the cases were classified into Bunstable^ and Bstable^ using identical techniques. Results One hundred twenty vertebrae were included. Classification of cases/controls using ROC analysis of HU mea surements showed an AUC of 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77–0.88), and ML-based classification showed an AUC of 0.97 (CI, 0.97–0.98). Classification of unstable/stable vertebrae using ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.52 (CI, 0.42–0.63), and ML-based classification showed an AUC of 0.64 (CI, 0.61–0.67). Conclusion TA combined with ML allows to identifying patients who will suffer from vertebral insufficiency fractures in standard CT scans with high accuracy. However, identification of single vertebra at risk remains challenging.
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published
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29 (5)
Pages / Article No.
2207 - 2217
Publisher
Springer
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Subject
Spine; Machine learning; Osteoporosis; Tomography; X-ray computed
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09853 - Vokinger, Kerstin Noëlle / Vokinger, Kerstin Noëlle