Journal: Journal of Structural Engineering (United States)

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American Society of Civil Engineers

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2014 - 201922020 - 20242
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Publications 1 - 4 of 4
  • Development of Mechanical Strengthening System for Bridge Connections Using Prestressed CFRP Rods
    Item type: Journal Article
    Heydarinouri, Hossein; Motavalli, Masoud; Nussbaumer, Alain; et al. (2021)
    Journal of Structural Engineering (United States)
    Stringer-to-floor beam web-to-web double-angle connections are among the most fatigue-prone elements in old riveted bridges. These connections are often designed to carry only shear loads. However, in these elements, fatigue damage occurs because of the out-of-plane deformation of the connections, which is ignored in the original design. In this study, a new retrofitting system is developed to reduce the out-of-plane deformation of the connections using prestressed carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) rods. The proposed system consists of a mechanical wedge-barrel anchor to hold the prestressed CFRP rod and a clamping system to attach to the parent structure and to transmit forces via friction. A series of finite-element (FE) simulations was conducted to optimize the size and performance of the retrofit system. Laboratory static pull-off tests were conducted and different failure modes were studied and discussed. A novel test setup (with four supports) was designed for testing the steel connections. The effect of the geometrical imperfections during the installation of the connection was carefully investigated using the FE models and was verified through laboratory the tests. Laboratory fatigue tests were conducted on steel connections with the same dimensions as those in a railway bridge. The designed retrofit system was found to be capable of reducing the stresses at the angle connections by more than 40%. The results of the fatigue tests demonstrated that the designed system could survive more than 11 million load cycles without any fatigue damage or any indication of a loss in the CFRP prestressing level. © 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
  • Steel-Reinforced Columns Made of European Beech Glued-Laminated Timber
    Item type: Journal Article
    Sroka, Katharina; Palma, Pedro; Steiger, René; et al. (2024)
    Journal of Structural Engineering (United States)
    One of the obstacles to the recent trend toward taller timber buildings is the limited load-carrying capacity of softwood columns. With the aim of promoting the structural use of European beechwood (Fagus sylvatica L.) in high-performance applications, the buckling behavior of beech glued-laminated timber (GLT) columns reinforced with glued-in steel bars was investigated experimentally and numerically. Axial compression experiments were carried out on full-scale stocky and slender columns, and a finite-element model was developed and validated against the experimental data. The influence of geometric and material parameters on the load-carrying capacity of the steel-reinforced beech GLT columns was studied in parametric analyses. The experimental and numerical data demonstrate the high potential of this new structural product for high-strength columns in demanding residential, office, and industrial applications. The load-carrying capacity mainly depends on the cross section size, the column slenderness, the position and diameter of the reinforcement bars, and the initial deformed shape of the column. An eccentric layout with steel bars in the corners of the cross section is very effective in increasing the load-carrying capacity. Four corner steel bars of 20 mm diameter, 50 mm edge distance, and grade ST900/1100 were found to increase the load-carrying capacity of a 200-mm-wide square GL48h column by almost 40% across the slenderness ratios relevant to structural applications. The glued-in steel reinforcement is also expected to be able to provide an alternative load path for structural robustness, by enabling the columns to carry tensile forces. A design method for corner-reinforced beech GLT columns under axial compression was developed based on the empirical and numerical data.
  • I-Shaped Unreinforced Masonry Wallettes with a Soft-Layer Bed Joint: Behavior under Static-Cyclic Shear
    Item type: Journal Article
    Petrović, Miloš; Stojadinovic, Bozidar; Mojsilović, Nebojša (2017)
    Journal of Structural Engineering (United States)
  • Are some top-heavy structures more stable?
    Item type: Journal Article
    Makris, Nicos; Vassiliou, Michalis F. (2014)
    Journal of Structural Engineering (United States)
Publications 1 - 4 of 4