Contingent Free Choice: On Extending Quantum Theory to a Contextual, Deterministic Theory With Improved Predictive Power


Loading...

Author / Producer

Date

2019-07-03

Publication Type

Working Paper

ETH Bibliography

yes

Citations

Altmetric

Data

Abstract

The non-extensibility of quantum theory into a theory with improved predictive power is based on a strong assumption of independent free choice, in which the physicists pick a measurement axis independently of anything that couldn't have been caused by their decision. Independent free choice is also at the core of the Nash equilibrium and classical game theory. A more recent line of game-theoretical research based on weakening free choice leads to non-trivial solution concepts with desirable properties such as at-most uniqueness, Pareto optimality, and contextuality. We show how introducing contingent free choice in the foundations of quantum theory yields a class of deterministic and contextual theories with an improved predictive power, and contrast them with the pilot-wave theory. Specifically, we suggest that quantum experiments, such as the EPR experiment, involving measurements located in spacetime, can be recast as dynamic games with imperfect information involving human agents and the universe. The underlying idea is that a physicist picking a measurement axis and the universe picking a measurement outcome are two faces of the same physical contingency phenomenon. The classical, Nashian resolution of these games based on independent free choice is analogous to local hidden variable theories, constrained by the Bell inequalities. On the other hand, in a setup in which agents are rational and omniscient in all possible worlds, under contingent free choice, the Perfectly Transparent Equilibrium provides a contextual resolution, based on the iterated elimination of inconsistent worlds, towards an at-most unique possible world, in which the outcomes of measurements that actually are carried out, and only them, are deterministically defined.

Publication status

published

External links

Editor

Book title

Journal / series

Volume

Pages / Article No.

Publisher

ETH Zurich, Department of Computer Science

Event

Edition / version

Methods

Software

Geographic location

Date collected

Date created

Subject

Game theory; Quantum theory; Free choice; Counterfactual dependency; Non-Nashian Game Theory

Organisational unit

02150 - Dep. Informatik / Dep. of Computer Science

Notes

Funding

Related publications and datasets

Is new version of: