1. What qualitative systems mapping is and what it could be: integrating and visualizing diverse knowledge of complex problems 

   Hanger-Kopp, Susanne; Lemke, Leonard Kwhang-Gil; Beier, Julia (2024)

   Sustainability Science

   Researchers in sustainability science deal with increasingly complex problems that cross administrative, geographical, disciplinary, and sectoral boundaries, and are characterized by high stakes and deep uncertainties. This in turn creates methodological challenges to frame, structure, and solve complex problems in science and practice. There is a long tradition in visualizing systems as diagrams, and concept and cognitive maps, but there ...

   Journal Article

2. Mutation Rate and Effective Population Size of the Model Cooperative Bacterium Myxococcus xanthus 

   Wielgoss S.; Van Dyken J.D.; Velicer G.J. (2024)

   Genome Biology and Evolution

   Intrinsic rates of genetic mutation have diverged greatly across taxa and exhibit statistical associations with several other parameters and features. These include effective population size (Ne), genome size, and gametic multicellularity, with the latter being associated with both increased mutation rates and decreased effective population sizes. However, data sufficient to test for possible relationships between microbial multicellularity ...

   Journal Article

3. ML Training with Cloud GPU Shortages: Is Cross-Region the Answer? 

   Strati F.; Elvinger P.; Kerimoglu T.; et al. (2024)

   EuroMLSys 2024 - Proceedings of the 2024 4th Workshop on Machine Learning and Systems

   The widespread adoption of ML has led to a high demand for GPU hardware and consequently, severe shortages of GPUs in the public cloud. Allocating a sufficient number of GPUs to train or fine-tune today’s large ML models in a single cloud region is often difficult. Users can get access to more GPUs if they are willing to run a ML training job using devices across different geographical regions. However, GPU nodes are connected with lower ...

   Conference Paper

4. Mid-infrared Spectrum of the Disk around the Forming Companion GQ Lup B Revealed by JWST/MIRI 

   Cugno G.; Patapis P.; Banzatti A.; et al. (2024)

   Astrophysical Journal Letters

   GQ Lup B is a forming brown dwarf companion (M ∼ 10-30 M J) showing evidence for an infrared excess associated with a disk surrounding the companion itself. Here we present mid-infrared (MIR) observations of GQ Lup B with the Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) on JWST, spanning 4.8-11.7 μm. We remove the stellar contamination using reference differential imaging based on principal component analysis, demonstrating that the MRS can perform ...

   Journal Article

5. The cost of influence: How gifts to physicians shape prescriptions and drug costs 

   Newham M.; Valente M. (2024)

   Journal of Health Economics

   This paper investigates the influence of gifts – monetary and in-kind payments – from drug firms to US physicians on prescription behavior and drug costs. Using causal models and machine learning, we estimate physicians’ heterogeneous responses to payments on antidiabetic prescriptions. We find that payments lead to increased prescription of brand drugs, resulting in a cost rise of $23 per dollar value of transfer received. Paid physicians ...

   Journal Article

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