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How much should public transport services be expanded, and who should pay?
(2024)Arbeitsberichte Verkehrs- und RaumplanungThe twin challenge of increasing capacity to accommodate growing travel demand while simultaneously decarbonizing the transport sector places enormous pressure on public transport (PT) systems globally. Arguably the most fundamental policy choice and trade-off in designing and operating PT systems in the coming years will be service levels versus cost implications. On the presumption that public (citizen and consumer) opinion is crucial ...Working Paper -
PipeRAG: Fast Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Algorithm-System Co-design
(2024)Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) can enhance the generation quality of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external token databases. However, retrievals from large databases can constitute a substantial portion of the overall generation time, particularly when retrievals are periodically performed to align the retrieved content with the latest states of generation. In this paper, we introduce PipeRAG, a novel algorithm-system ...Working Paper -
Exponential Expressivity of ReLU^k Neural Networks on Gevrey Classes with Point Singularities
(2024)SAM Research ReportWe analyze deep Neural Network emulation rates of smooth functions with point singularities in bounded, polytopal domains \(\mathrm{D} \subset \mathbb{R}^d\), \(d=2,3\). We prove exponential emulation rates in Sobolev spaces in terms of the number of neurons and in terms of the number of nonzero coefficients for Gevrey-regular solution classes defined in terms of weighted Sobolev scales in \(\mathrm{D}\), comprising the countably-normed ...Report -
Banach lattices with upper p-estimates: Free and injective objects
(2024)SAM Research ReportWe study the free Banach lattice FBL(p,∞)[E] with upper p-estimates generated by a Banach space E. Using a classical result of Pisier on factorization through Lp,∞(μ) together with a finite dimensional reduction, it is shown that the spaces ℓp,∞(n) witness the universal property of FBL(p,∞)[E] isomorphically. As a consequence, we obtain a functional representation for FBL(p,∞)[E], answering a previously open question. More generally, our ...Report -
Boosting Sluggish Climate Policy: Endogenous Substitution, Learning, and Energy Efficiency Improvements
(2024)Economics Working Paper SeriesThere is widespread concern that climate policy is moving too slowly and that decarbonization of economic development is coming too late for effective climate protection. We analyze three different effects that emerge endogenously during decarbonization and amplify current policies: growing substitutability of dirty inputs with clean inputs, learning and scale effects in new renewables, and efficiency im provements in the application of ...Working Paper -
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Transformation de la formation professionnelle supérieure de conduite des travaux
(2024)CES StudiesLa formation professionnelle supérieure dans la conduite des travaux subit actuellement un changement fondamental : le diplôme de conduite des travaux ne sera plus obtenu dans une école supérieure (ES), mais à partir de 2026, il sera exclusivement délivré par le biais d'un examen professionnel fédéral supérieur (EPS). Sur mandat de la Société Suisse des Entrepreneurs, le Swiss Education Lab de la Chaire de Systèmes Éducatifs de l'EPF ...Report -
Transformation der höheren Berufsbildung in der Bauführung
(2024)CES StudienDie höhere Berufsbildung in der Bauführung erfährt derzeit einen grundlegenden Wandel: Das Bauführungs-Diplom wird nicht mehr an einer höheren Fachschule (HF) erworben, sondern ab 2026 ausschliesslich über eine eidgenössisch höhere Fachprüfung (HFP) verliehen. Im Auftrag des Schweizerischen Baumeisterverbands begleiten wir vom Swiss Education Lab der Professur für Bildungssysteme der ETH Zürich diese Transformation wissenschaftlich. Damit ...Report -
IVT Annual Report 2023
(2024)IVT Jahresbericht / IVT Annual ReportThis annual report describes the activities of the IVT in the year 2023.Report -
De-biasing electric vehicle adoption with personalized nudging
(2024)Economics Working Paper SeriesReplacing combustion engine vehicles with battery electric vehicles (BEV) is essential to achieving climate objectives and advancing sustainable transportation, aligning with the United Nations Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. In this project, we identify three perception biases linked to EV adoption and address them with personalized non-monetary information treatments to increase the adoption of BEVs among owners of internal ...Working Paper