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Ice nucleation properties of volcanic ash from Eyjafjallajökull
(2011)Atmospheric Chemistry and PhysicsThe ice nucleation ability of volcanic ash particles collected close to the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull during its eruptions in April and May 2010 is investigated experimentally, in the immersion and deposition modes, and applied to atmospheric conditions by comparison with airborne measurements and microphysical model calculations. The number of ash particles which are active as ice nuclei (IN) is strongly temperature dependent, ...Journal Article -
Fossil versus contemporary sources of fine elemental and organic carbonaceous particulate matter during the DAURE campaign in Northeast Spain
(2011)Atmospheric Chemistry and PhysicsWe present results from the international field campaign DAURE (Determination of the sources of atmospheric Aerosols in Urban and Rural Environments in the Western Mediterranean), with the objective of apportioning the sources of fine carbonaceous aerosols. Submicron fine particulate matter (PM1) samples were collected during February–March 2009 and July 2009 at an urban background site in Barcelona (BCN) and at a forested regional ...Journal Article -
Growth and Nutrient Use Efficiencies of Yams (Dioscorea spp.) Grown in Two Contrasting Soils of West Africa
(2011)International Journal of AgronomyFertilization is an important management strategy of yams (Dioscorea spp.) especially when grown in degraded soils. A field study evaluated the leaf numbers, leaf area indices, crop growth, yields, and nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) use efficiencies of D. alata and D. rotundata in Côte d'Ivoire when grown in two contrasting soils with and without fertilizer. D. alata had a lower number of leaves per vine, although leaf area indices were ...Journal Article -
What can we learn from long-term groundwater data to improve climate change impact studies?
(2011)Hydrology and Earth System SciencesFuture risks for groundwater resources, due to global change are usually analyzed by driving hydrological models with the outputs of climate models. However, this model chain is subject to considerable uncertainties. Given the high uncertainties it is essential to identify the processes governing the groundwater dynamics, as these processes are likely to affect groundwater resources in the future, too. Information about the dominant ...Journal Article -
On two-dimensional random walk among heavy-tailed conductances
(2011)Electronic Journal of ProbabilityWe consider a random walk among unbounded random conductances on the two-dimensional integer lattice. When the distribution of the conductances has an infinite expectation and a polynomial tail, we show that the scaling limit of this process is the fractional kinetics process. This extends the results of the paper [BC10] where a similar limit statement was proved in dimension larger than two. To make this extension possible, we prove ...Journal Article -
A review of the anthropogenic influence on biogenic secondary organic aerosol
(2011)Atmospheric Chemistry and PhysicsBecause of the climate and air quality effects of organic aerosol, it is important to quantify the influence of anthropogenic emissions on the aerosol burden, both globally and regionally, and both in terms of mass and number. Methods exist with which the fractions of organic aerosol resulting directly from anthropogenic and biogenic processes can be estimated. However, anthropogenic emissions can also lead to an enhancement in secondary ...Journal Article -
Rapid response seismic networks in Europe
(2011)Annals of GeophysicsThe largest dataset ever recorded during a normal fault seismic sequence was acquired during the 2009 seismic emergency triggered by the damaging earthquake in L'Aquila (Italy). This was possible through the coordination of different rapid-response seismic networks in Italy, France and Germany. A seismic network of more than 60 stations recorded up to 70,000 earthquakes. Here, we describe the different open-data archives where it is ...Journal Article -
ObsPy – What can it do for data centers and observatories?
(2011)Annals of GeophysicsData acquisition by seismic centers relies on real-time systems, like SeisComP3, Antelope and Earthworm. However, these are complex systems that are designed for fast and precisely defined standard real-time analyses. Therefore, it is not a simple task to access or modify internal routines, and to integrate them into custom-processing workflows or to perform in-depth data analyses. Often a library is necessary that provides convenient ...Journal Article -
Community Seismic Network
(2011)Annals of GeophysicsThe article describes the design of the Community Seismic Network, which is a dense open seismic network based on low cost sensors. The inputs are from sensors hosted by volunteers from the community by direct connection to their personal computers, or through sensors built into mobile devices. The server is cloud-based for robustness and to dynamically handle the load of impulsive earthquake events. The main product of the network is a ...Journal Article -
QuakeML
(2011)Annals of GeophysicsQuakeML is an XML-based data exchange standard for seismology that is in its fourth year of active community-driven development. Its development was motivated by the need to consolidate existing data formats for applications in statistical seismology, as well as setting a cutting-edge, community-agreed standard to foster interoperability of distributed infrastructures. The current release (version 1.2) is based on a public Request for ...Journal Article